This Current paper reports the research conducted at Riga Technical University and Rezekne Higher Education Institution on the development of sorbent material, which is made of closed hollow microspheres possesses ferromagnetic properties, with a large specific surface. A review and comparison of existing sorbents for oil products collection are presented. The manufacturing process of proposed sorbent are described. The structure and morphology of obtained composite sorbent are discussed. It was found that proposed sorbent allows an efficient and safe way for surface water cleaning contaminated by spilled oil products. In particular, it shows a storing effect on a thin oil film (1-2 mm). Adsorption capacity to motor oil is investigated and compared with other magnetic sorbents on metal powders base.
Newly proposed sorbent demonstrates a significantly higher adsorption capacity comparing to iron powders. Sorbent saturated by spilled oil can be evacuated by means of magnetic (or electromagnetic) captures.
The largest global pollution nowadays gives oil and oil products. This contamination poses a danger to the environment and aquatic eco-systems. Not only seas but also small water bodies and watercourses, as well as coastal areas, soil and groundwater are contaminated with oil products. Contamination results in destruction of some plants or animals, but in events of high oil contamination also of the entire ecosystem. Latvia has inherited the oil pollution from both the Soviet Union large-scale industry and its military facilities, as well as at present the oil products are getting into environment from petrol stations, accidents, and from the cross-border pollution. In many cases of oil spills, people are trying to collect them in order to have no impact on the environment, but unfortunately very often, even in most cases this does not occur. Financial resources, as well as the lack of appropriate technologies or restricted possibilities for their application are the limiting factors. The article deals with the traditional methods of oil collection in water and also describes options for decontamination of polluted soil from the oil products. A brief insight is provided into application of ferromagnetic sorbents, which is a new method for collection of oil and oil products.
In paper, is given overview of sorbents with ferromagnetic particles. The series of newly designed composite sorbents SOMSOR, are described. Described experiment of oil spill collection from water surface, which comprises of sorbent spreading and collection. Oil sorption by capillary forces, is discussed. Concluded that use of ferromagnetic sorbents a promising direction in the field of water purification from light oil products since it allows expanding the scope of the used powder sorbents, to use the high-mechanized methods of collecting by means of magnetic and electromagnetic devices.
The paper examines possible application of certain disperse materials based on iron powders as ferromagnetic sorbents for collecting the oil products spilled on the water surface. Sorption ability is defined for the investigated ferromagnetic sorbents.
Among the various methods of water purification from oil pollution, an active magnetic method using powder sorbents with ferromagnetic properties is taking its place. The main components of the sludge are ferromagnetic sorbent, oil and water. The paper discusses some methods of using sludge extracted from water during its cleaning from oil pollution, regeneration and reuse of the sorbent. Particularly, recommendations on the use of sludge as an active fuel additive are given. The possibility of using sludge as a filler for oxygen-flux cutting of concrete and in the production of road-building materials is another demonstrated possibility.
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