Nozzles for industrial boiler applications are of various kinds, which, commonly used, are proportional control nozzles and a combination of oil-pressurized nozzles. The proportional control nozzle is used to control the output without changing the primary pump pressure. On the other hand, the oil-pressurized nozzle is the nozzle whose flow is controlled by the oil pressure and an on/off control. The proportional control nozzle, also called•gReturn Nozzle•h, consists of a main line and a bypass line for linear adjustment of the fuel flow. According to the results of respective exhaust gas measurement of one proportional control nozzle and two oil-pressurized nozzles in a practical boiler, NOx concentration of the proportional control nozzle is 20% lower than the oilpressurized nozzles.
It has generally been known that Carbon-Flower is phenomenon that scale adheres and deposits on the outskirts of fuel atomizer when heavy fuel oil is used. This phenomenon is supposed to occur by the adherence, carbonization and gasification of unburned heavy fuel oil drops.
This phenomenonhas been reported in the papers entitled "Carbon Sticking in the Diesel Engine"and"Fouling in Fluidized Bed Coal Combustion". However , the phenomenon was not fully understood because of the insufficience of informations. The problem is that there are a lot of residual carbon and various metals in the heavy oil, and the behavior of spray flow is not clear as well as the temperature around the adhering and accumlating point is not obvious. This study has used various measuring methods in order to grasp the formation and growth mechanism of Carbon-Flower generated in steady spray combustion at atmospheric pressure .
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