The output voltage of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) is usually changed with the temperature and hydrogen flow rate. Since the fuel cell can generate a wide range of voltages and currents at the terminals, as a consequence, a constant DC voltage and function cannot be maintained by itself as a DC voltage power supply source. To solve this problem, a simple SOFC electrochemical model is introduced to control the output voltage. The Sliding Mode Control (SMC) is used to control the output voltage of the DC-DC converter for maintaining the constant DC voltage when the temperature and hydrogen flow rate are changed. By the simulation results it can be seen that the SMC technique has improved the transient response and reduced the steady state error of DC voltage.
The energy conversion efficiency of fuel cell electric vehicle is high. However, the output characteristics of the current fuel cell tend to be weak and the output voltage fluctuation is apparent, so the DC/DC converter is used for voltage matching and transformation. Through the study on the characteristics of fuel cell in this paper, the main function and topology structure of the on-board DC/DC converter in fuel cell electric vehicle is introduced and the sliding mode control structure is established according to sliding mode control theory. The simulation of the sliding mode controller is performed by MATLAB. The simulation results show that, under the changes in input voltage and load, the fast response and stable output of the on-board DC/DC converter in fuel cell electric vehicle can be realized.
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