Nonrational factors can impede physicians' adoption of "evidence-based" recommendations.

Regret over failing to diagnose aggressive prostate cancer is associated with a policy of ordering PSAs. This regret appears to be culturally sensitive.

Background. The classic sequential processing model of clinical decision making-in which the treatment choice follows and depends on the diagnostic judgment-may in some cases be replaced by a processing model in which the treatment choice depends on an independent assessment of the diagnostic and other cues. The aim of this study was to determine which processing model would better describe physi-cians' treatment choices in a simulated clinical task. Methods. Seventy-five US and French primary care physicians were presented twice, in a different order, with the same set of 46 scenarios of 15-month-old children suspected of having acute otitis media (AOM). They rated in one set the probability of AOM and in the other set whether they would treat the child with antibiotics (and how confident they felt in their decision). Linear regression analyses revealed the indi-viduals' 2 judgment policies. Hierarchical discriminant anal

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This study examined diversity and similarity of orientations for renewable energy policies across US states through frame analysis based on semantic topic modeling technique. More specifically, it analyzed Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS) bills of 29 RPS adopted states. Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) modeling for semantic topic analysis was applied to explore hidden meanings within text bills, as well as shared patterns of the meanings among states, by utilizing latent information of nested topic. It found two major themes of the definition of eligible renewables and implementation mechanisms, underlying the states’ RPSs substantially contributed to framing each state’s renewable energy policies. In accordance with the state’s energy situation and socio-economic interests in renewable energy, however, states’ frames for defining eligible renewables and for building implementation and compliance mechanisms differed substantially.