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Single fracture is the most basic element in complex fracture network of rock mass. Therefore, the study of flow characteristics of single fracture is an important way to reasonably predict the complex flow state in engineering rock mass. In order to study the flow characteristics of fractal single fracture, fracture models with dif?ferent fractal dimension and different fracture width are established in this paper. The results show that: the blocking effect of rough structure on fluid is obviously enhanced under high pressure. In addition, it is weakened and reaches a steady-state with the increase of fracture fractal dimension. The larger the fracture width is, the more obvious the phenomenon is. The hydraulic gradient index tends to 0.5 with the increase of fracture width when fractal dimension is greater than 1.3. It also could tend to 0.5 with the increase of fractal dimension when fracture width is greater than 1 mm.