The effects of the amphoteric and basic oxides alumina and lime on the phase equilibria of copper matte and silica-saturated slags were investigated at 1300°C and P SO 2 = 0.1 atm in a controlled CO-CO 2 -SO 2 -Ar gas atmosphere using a high-temperature isothermal equilibration technique followed by rapid quenching. The equilibrium phase compositions were obtained by Electron Probe X-ray Microanalysis. The relationship between the copper concentration in matte and the oxygen partial pressure, iron, and sulfur in matte was quantified. The pure iron-silicate slag exhibited the highest copper loss in slag, although the addition of alumina and lime decreased its value by approximately a quarter and a half, respectively, at a matte grade of 65 wt pct Cu. In contrast, copper and sulfur were highly distributed in the matte phase, and their deportment to the matte was favored by addition of alumina and lime.

With the aim of investigating deportments of precious metals in pyrometallurgical processing of waste electrical and electronic equipment, the distributions of selected precious metals (gold, silver, platinum, and palladium) between copper matte and three different silica-saturated slags (pure FeO x -SiO 2 , FeO x -SiO 2 -Al 2 O 3 , and FeO x -SiO 2 -Al 2 O 3 -CaO slag) were investigated at 1300°C in controlled flowing CO-CO 2 -SO 2 -Ar gas atmosphere by a high-temperature isothermal equilibration technique. The phase compositions were analyzed by Electron Probe X-ray Microanalysis and Laser Ablation-High Resolution Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry. It was shown that the distribution coefficients of gold, platinum, and palladium between matte and slag (L m/s (Me) = [Me] in matte /(Me) in slag ) were very high and increased with increasing matte grade. The distributions to the matte phase were increased by adding basic oxides alumina and lime into the acidic silicate slags. The experimentally measured distribution coefficients L m/s (Me) followed the order of platinum > palladium > gold > silver. The present experimental results can be used for upgrading thermodynamic databases for the complex recycling processes through nonferrous smelting.

It is of great economic, environmental and social benefit to discover harmless treatment and resource utilization options for spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), which contain a large proportion of valuable metal elements (e.g., Li, Ni, Co, Mn, Cu, and Al) and poisonous chemicals (e.g., lithium hexafluorophosphate and polyvinylidene fluoride). The present work summarized the leading technologies and hot issues in the disposal of spent LIBs from new energy vehicles. Moreover, development of the trend of innovative technologies for the recycling of spent LIBs is recommended.

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Due to the importance of the physicochemical properties of slag in the recovery of low-titanium ores and by-products, the equilibrium phase relationships of the CaO-MgO-Al 2 O 3-SiO 2-TiO 2 system were experimentally determined using a high-temperature equilibration and quenching method at 1300°C and 1400°C. The equilibrium information was obtained by scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive x-ray spectrometer. Perovskite, spinel and pseudobrookite solid solution phases with MgOAE2TiO 2 and Al 2 O 3 AETiO 2 end members were found to be coexisting with the liquid phase. The 1300°C and 1400°C isotherms were then constructed on a CaO-SiO 2-TiO 2-8 wt.% MgO-14 wt.% Al 2 O 3 quasi-ternary section. Comparisons with predictions by Factsage and MTDATA indicated that the computational results agreed well only in the primary phase field of perovskite, while clear deviations existed within other primary phase fields. Therefore, the present results improve our knowledge about the utilization of titanium resources, and are also significant in providing novel equilibrium data for updating the related thermodynamic databases.