Temperature-induced spin reorientation transition in NdFeO3 single crystal is studied by terahertz time-domain spectroscopy in the temperature range from 50 K to 290 K. Following the resonant excitation of quasi-antiferromagnetic (AF) mode, the nature of temperature dependence of emission from AF-mode is investigated systematically in the spin reorientation temperature interval. The emission frequency is observed at 0.485 THz for both Γ4 and Γ24 phases, and it shifts abruptly to 0.456 THz (around 110 K) corresponding to Γ2 phase. The evolution of vector G is obtained from the temperature-dependent polarization changes of the AF-mode excitation. Our results demonstrate that the polarized terahertz time-domain spectroscopy is a sensitive tool to explore the dynamical spin reorientation transition in RFeO3 crystals, and the terahertz magnetic pulse shows potential application for non-thermally manipulating ultrafast spin reorientation.
One of the biggest challenges in spintronics is finding how to switch the magnetization of a material. One way of the spin switching is the spin reorientation transition (SRT), a switching of macroscopic magnetization rotated by 90°. The macroscopic magnetization in a NdFeO3 single crystal rotates from Γ4 to Γ2 via Γ24 as the temperature is decreased from 170 to 100 K, while it can be switched back to Γ4 again by increasing the temperature. However, the precise roles of the magnetic-field induced SRT are still unclear. By using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS), here, we show that the magnetic-field induced SRT between Γ4 and Γ2 is strongly anisotropic, depending on the direction of the applied magnetic field. Our experimental results are well interpreted by the anisotropy of rare-earth Nd(3+) ion. Furthermore, we find that the critical magnetic-field required for SRT can be modified by changing the temperature. Our study suggests that the anisotropic SRT in NdFeO3 single crystal provides a platform to facilitate the potential applications in robust spin memory devices.
Using the terahertz time-domain spectroscopy, we demonstrate the spin reorientation of a canted antiferromagnetic YFeO3 single crystal, by evaluating the temperature and magnetic field dependence of resonant frequency and amplitude for the quasi-ferromagnetic (FM) and quasi-antiferromagnetic modes (AFM), a deeper insight into the dynamics of spin reorientation in rare-earth orthoferrites is established. Due to the absence of 4f-electrons in Y ion, the spin reorientation of Fe sublattices can only be induced by the applied magnetic field, rather than temperature. In agreement with the theoretical predication, the frequency of FM mode decreases with magnetic field. In addition, an obvious step of spin reorientation phase transition occurs with a relatively large applied magnetic field of 4 T. By comparison with the family members of RFeO3 (R = Y3+ or rare-earth ions), our results suggest that the chosen of R would tailor the dynamical rotation properties of Fe ions, leading to the designable spin switching in the orthoferrite antiferromagnetic systems.
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