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An aqueous solution, acting as a photoinduced electron-transfer system, was prepared using tris(2,2′-bipyridyl)ruthenium complex, methylviologen, and pyrrole to demonstrate the multiphoton-sensitized polymerization of pyrrole. A conductive polypyrrole (2.7 × 10−2 S cm−1 in free standing state) was obtained on a glass substrate by illumination at 800 nm using a femtosecond pulses laser. The excitation of the ruthenium complex was entailed by two-photon absorption because the ruthenium complex did not have any absorption around 800 nm.

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We aimed to develop a process for constructing a carbon-based microelectromechanical system (MEMS). First, we prepared a highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) crystal microsheet by exfoliation. We fabricated cantilevers and a double-clamped beam by controlling the thickness of the HOPG microsheet using a MEMS process. Second, we used a graphite sheet with contour line adhesion by metal sputter deposition. Third, we used a highly accurate graphite sheet with face adhesion and laser cutting. The first resonance frequencies were evaluated. We confirmed improvement in Q values to 1/10 level of a quarts vibrator, high performance, and a simple structure.