Agar Gracilaria sp. is potential seaweed in Indonesia with largely opportunity to be used as raw material for cosmetics, especially skincare creams, lotions, powder, lipstick, facial makeup, and soap. Liquid bath soap is one of the cosmetics that require thickener in the composition, which often generally uses carcinogenic cocamide DEA. On the other hand, agar Gracilaria sp. has a gelling agent capable of having a thickening effect on certain products such as liquid bath soap. This study aimed to determine the potential of agar Gracilaria sp. as a thickener agent in liquid bath soap as a cocamide DEA substitute. This study used agar Gracilaria sp. with a percentage of 0, 1, 2% and 1% cocamide DEA. Parameters determined were the viscosity, pH, specific gravity, microbial contamination, and organoleptic. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncan test, while organoleptic data analysis used the Kruskal Wallis test. The study results showed that the addition of 1% Gracilaria sp. agar had 762.22 cPs viscosity, pH 9.06, 1.05 g/ml specific gravity, and <1x101 colonies/ml microbial contamination.

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Gelatin is a polypeptide derived from collagen in the skin and bones of mammals or fish. The utilization of bader bang especially bader bang fish bones as raw material for gelatin is still not widely found. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of different extraction solutions on the characteristics of bader bang fish bone gelatin and to compare the characteristics of the bader bang fish bone gelatin produced with the standard. The study was carried out using a completely randomized design (CRD). The best results from the three treatments were found in the extraction of gelatin in the treatment NaOH 0,2% + H2SO4 0,2% The characteristics of water content, ash content, viscosity and gel strength complied with SNI 06-3735 and British Standard 757.

Fish handling conditions on the market nowadays mainly in the traditional market is less a principle handling with caution, fast, and clean, making the selling fish polluted with chemical, physical, and microbiological pollutants. The fish handling on the modern market is generally better than the traditional markets. Puncak Permai and Simo Gunung Market provide fresh fish more than any other market in Surabaya, making these markets become the main destination for consumers, therefore this study was conducted to observe the fish freshness in both markets. The purpose of this study was to compare the freshness and observe the handling way of traders situating in both markets. This research used a survey method that was conducted for seven times sampling with three days of interval sampling. This study took three types of marine fish. The main parameters observed were pH and organoleptic values, while the supporting parameters were interviewed data. The result showed that the handling method had a significant effect (p<0.05) on the organoleptic condition of all samples observed, but it had no significant effect (p>0.05) on the pH level.

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Gelatin is a derivative of collagen which is found in connective tissue, skin and bones. Gelatin can be obtained from cow, pig or fish. Teleost fish bones have collagen protein content ranging from 15-17%. Common carp belong to the teleost fish group and research on gelatin from carp bones using different maceration solutions has never been done before. The purpose of this researchment was to determine the effect of different maceration solutions on the characteristics of gelatin from carp bones and to determine their conformity with the standard. This research is a laboratory experimental with Completely Randomized (CRD) consisting of 3 different designs of maceration solutions (NaOH; C6H8O7 and a mixture of NaOH and C6H8O7). The results showed that there was an effect in different maceration solutions on the characteristics of carp bone gelatin which was tested with the best treatment using a mixture of NaOH and C6H8O7 solutions. Some of the characteristics of gelatin in this researchment are accordance with standards including water content, ash content, viscosity, gel strength, as well as color and pH in several treatments.