Personal
accessories such as glasses and watches that we usually
carry in our daily life can yield useful information from the human
body, yet most of them are limited to exercise-related parameters
or simple heart rates. Since these restricted characteristics might
arise from interfaces between the body and items as one of the main
reasons, an interface design considering such a factor can provide
us with biologically meaningful data. Here, we describe three-dimensional-printed,
personalized, multifunctional electronic eyeglasses (E-glasses), not
only to monitor various biological phenomena but also to propose a
strategy to coordinate the recorded data for active commands and game
operations for human–machine interaction (HMI) applications.
Soft, highly conductive composite electrodes embedded in the E-glasses
enable us to achieve reliable, continuous recordings of physiological
activities. UV-responsive, color-tunable lenses using an electrochromic
ionic gel offer the functionality of both eyeglass and sunglass
modes, and accelerometers provide the capability of tracking
precise human postures and behaviors. Detailed studies of electrophysiological
signals including electroencephalogram and electrooculogram demonstrate
the feasibility of smart electronic glasses for practical use as a
platform for future HMI systems.
Background and Objectives: The purpose of this retrospective study is to suggest the possibility of laparoscopy-assisted gastrectomy (LAG) for advanced gastric cancer (AGC) through long-term outcomes. Methods: Of 283 patients with gastric cancer who underwent LAG with extraperigastric (D2) lymphadenectomy between January 2004 and February 2009, 106 were pathologically confirmed with AGC and analyzed. Results: There were 75 men and 31 women, with a mean age of 61.4 AE 11.7 years. There were 32 total gastrectomies and 74 distal gastrectomies with D2 lymphadenectomy. The mean tumor size was 4.8 AE 2.6 cm. The mean numbers of retrieved and metastatic lymph nodes were 34.3 AE 15.3 and 5.4 AE 8.7, respectively. There was no lymph node metastasis in 44 patients (41.5%), and there were 35 grade T2a, 51 T2b, and 20 T3 lesions. There were 10 operation-related morbidities (9.4%) and one postoperative death (0.9%) from hepatic failure. The overall and disease-free survival rates were 81.4% and 72.4%, respectively. Tumors recurred in 17 patients (16.0%) during the follow-up periods (median 21.5 months; range 2-60). Conclusions: LAG for AGC might be considered as a minimally invasive treatment in selected cases, but further study comparing it with open gastrectomy will be needed.
Background: Possible risk factors for postoperative intra-abdominal abscess (IAA) formation after laparoscopic appendectomy (LA) remain controversial. A perforated appendicitis, diabetes mellitus, peritoneal irrigation, obesity and age are considered to be possible risk factors for postoperative IAA, but the existing evidence is insufficient. This study aimed to identify the risk factors for IAA formation in patients receiving LA. Methods: Between January 2010 and December 2013, 1,817 patients who underwent 3-port LA were enrolled in this study. Patients were classified into 2 groups according to the development of postoperative IAA, and the differences between the groups were analyzed. Results: The incidence of IAA after LA was 1.5%, and the only identified risk factor for IAA was peritoneal irrigation. On logistic regression analysis of those patients who received peritoneal irrigation, suppurative appendicitis and non-placement of the peritoneal drain were found to be significant risk factors for the development of IAA. Conclusions: Peritoneal irrigation in a case of abdomen contamination was shown to be a risk factor for the development of postoperative IAA after LA. When peritoneal irrigation is performed, surgeons should consider using peritoneal drainage and postoperative antibiotics (including anti-anaerobic antibiotics) to prevent postoperative IAA formation.
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