Purpose: This descriptive study investigated the effects of nurses' knowledge of withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment, death anxiety, and perceptions of hospice care on their attitudes toward withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment. Methods: Data were collected from 262 nurses at tertiary hospitals, general hospitals, or primary hospitals in Busan, Korea, and statistically analyzed using the t-test, analysis of variance, the Scheffé test, Pearson correlation coefficients, and hierarchical regression analysis. Results: The participants' scores were 3.68±0.45 (out of 5) for attitudes toward withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment, 0.65± 0.15 (out of 1) for knowledge of withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment, 2.61±0.26 (out of 4) for death anxiety, and 4.06±0.43 (out of 5) for perceptions of hospice care. Furthermore, knowledge of withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment and perceptions of hospice care showed positive correlations with attitudes toward withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment, while death anxiety showed a negative correlation. The most significant factors influencing attitudes toward withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment were perceptions of hospice care, followed by having experienced caring for patients who withdrew life-sustaining treatment, death anxiety, having a spouse, and ethical values, and the overall explanatory power was 43.0%. Conclusion: This study showed that perceptions of hospice were an important factor influencing nurses' attitudes toward withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment. Therefore, it is necessary to develop and validate educational intervention programs that can improve perceptions of hospice care.
Purpose This study was to determine the effect of robot assisted upper limb training combined with trunk restraint in early stroke patient. Methods Sixteen inpatients were randomly allocated into the experimental group (n=8), who received robot assisted upper limb training combined with trunk restraint, and the control group (n=8), who received a robot assisted upper limb training. Each intervention consisted of a 30 min session once a day, five times a week, for four weeks. To measure the functions of the upper limbs and performance capacities in the activities of daily living, the Fugl Meyer assessment upper extremity (FMA UE), Manual function test (MFT), Korean modified Barthel index (K MBI) were used before after the intervention. Results The robot assisted upper limb training combined with trunk restraint group and control group improved more significantly after intervention in FMA, MFT, K MBI (p<.05). However, robot assisted upper limb training combined with trunk restraint group was more effective than control group in increasing the FMA, MFT, K MBI (p<.05). Conclusion These results suggest that robot assisted upper limb training combined with trunk restraint is more helpful to improve upper extremity function than robot assisted upper limb training only early stroke patients.
Dept. of physical Therapy, Jung ClinicPurpose This study was to determine the effect of trunk training exercise on dynamic balance and energy expenditure during walk in chronic stroke patients. Methods This study used a single subject research design. Two chronic stroke patients were participated and received general training five times per week. The trunk training exercise program was modified from preceding studies and composed of trunk muscle strengthening and selective and coordinated movement. The subjects performed exercise program five times a week, forty minute a day, four weeks. Pre base line(A) was only collected participant information without intervention in 5 times. Trunk training exercise(B) was carried out 10 times and 5 times to base lime(A) after intervention. The dynamic balance of was evaluated by Timed Up and Go Test(TUG), the energy consumption was measured by the oxygen cost as the oxygen consumption per unit distance, energy expenditure index(EEI) as the difference of heart rate, in a session. Results The results of the evaluation in each subject were indicated that the dynamic balance test was improved, both oxygen cost and energy expenditure index were decreased during the intervention period. These effects were maintained even during the regression baseline period. Conclusion These results showed that trunk training exercise was effective in the improvement of dynamic balance and decrease energy consumption. This study suggests that trunk training exercise is effective in the improvement of energy efficiency during walk in chronic stroke patients.
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