Apple pomace (AP), a fibrous by-product of apple juice processing, was solubilized by a twin-screw extruder. AP was extruded under I4 digerent operating conditions, where the process variables are controlled in the following ranges: screw speed, 250-350 rpm; feed rate, 30-40 kg/h; moisture, 20-30%. Water soluble index (WSI) increased linearly with specific mechanical energy (SME). Soluble dietary fiber of extruded AP also increased with SME, which in turn decreased the content of insoluble dietary fiber (IDF). As a result, total dietary fiber mF) remained nearly unchanged. Water holding capacily (WHC) remained nearly constant at low SME, but markedly deceased at high SME due to disintegration of cell wall. Gel filtration of WSP exhibited the structural fragmentation of cell wall by extrusion: the higher SME, the higherfragmentation of SME. Ion exchange chromatography of WSPdemonstrated that increasing SME resulted in increasing the extractability offree neutralpolysaccharides from the cell wall of AP. It was also found that the degradation of AP cell wall by extrusion preferentially occurred at the arabinogalactan sidechains of pectins.
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