Formation constants of weak inclusion complexes between p-cyclodextrin (CD) and a number of organic solutes in aqueous solution were measured by the spectrophotometric measurement of the inhibitory effect of the solutes on the complexation of CD with phenolphthalein. Types and relative strengths of various intermolecular forces between CD and the guest affecting the stability of inclusion complexes were studied based upon the linear solvation energy relationship (LSER). It was found that increasing guest molecular size stabilizes the complex by virtue of increasing dispersive interactions between the hydrophobic interior of the CD cavity and the guest whereas increasing guest dipolarity and hydrogen bond (HB) acceptor basicity lead to a decrease in the stability of the complex due to the stronger dipolar and hydrogen bonding interactions with water, which is more dipolar and HB acidic than CD.
Retention on multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) in RPLC has been correlated with solute descriptors of dispersion, polarizability, dipolarity, hydrogen bond donor acidity, and hydrogen bond acceptor basicity through the use of the linear solvation energy relationship. Intermolecular interactions influencing solute retention on MWCNTs were compared with those on a graphitic carbon-deposited zirconia and a common RPLC stationary phase, octylsilane-bonded silica.
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