Purpose:The aim of this study was to evaluate the cleaning efficacy of two irrigation activation systems. Materials and Methods: Sixty single-rooted human teeth were mechanically prepared and randomly divided into three groups: group 1 (control)-manual needle irrigation; group 2 (EA, EndoActivator; Dentsply, Tulsa, OK, USA)-irrigation activation with sonic device; group 3 (CK, CK file; B&L Biotech, Ansan, Korea)-irrigation activation with ultrasonic device. After irrigation, longitudinal grooves were made with a diamond disk on buccal and lingual surfaces of all teeth, after which horizontal grooves were made on 3 mm from the apex of all roots. Then, all teeth were split by a chisel to obtain 3 mm-sized cross-sectioned samples of the apex area, and the remnants were discarded. Each cross-sectioned sample was dehydrated and evaluated by scanning electron microscope. Data were analyzed by means of the Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney U test (p<0.05).Results: Groups treated with EndoActivator (group 2) and CK file (group 3) showed significantly higher removal of the smear layer than the group treated with manual needle irrigation (group 1) (Kruskal-Wallis test, p<0.05). However, there was no significant difference between group 2 and group 3 (Mann-Whitney U test, p<0.05). Conclusion: Both irrigation activation systems, EndoActivator and CK file, were more effective in removing smear layer from the apical 3 mm region of the root canal than the manual needle irrigation method.
This study compared the microtensile bond strength (μ TBS) of single step adhesives to different dentin depths.Superficial or deep dentin was exposed in 30 molar teeth by sectioning immediately under the DEJ or 1.5 ㎜ area from central pit, respectively. After polishing with 600-grit SiC paper, the dentin surfaces were assigned to three groups: AQ group-AQ Bond, L-Pop group-Adper Prompt L-Pop, Xeno group-Xeno III.The bonded specimens were sectioned into sticks and subjected to μ TBS testing with a crosshead speed of 1 ㎜/minute. The results of this study were as follows;The μ TBS to superficial dentin was higher than that to deep dentin in all group. The μ TBS of Xeno group was significantly higher than that of L-Pop group and AQ group in both superficial and deep dentin (p < 0.05). [J Kor Acad Cons Dent 30(4):319-326, 2005]
SUMMARY
The purpose of this article is to present the effect and follow-up results of combined single-tooth vital bleaching when discoloration is due to pulp canal obliteration. In these cases, discoloration was managed successfully via home bleaching with a customized single-tooth tray and in-office bleaching without root canal treatment.
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