Trichoderma harzianum as a potential biological agent and are widely used to control diseases in various agricultural crops and plantations. This research goal of getting the best growth of Trichoderma harzianum on molasses-based liquid medium. The treatments tested was added 0.05%, 0.1% and 1% liquid pure culture of Trichoderma harzianum each in 500 ml of sterile liquid medium containing 5% molasses (v/v) and 5% commercial yeast (b / v), and incubated for five days. The results showed that Trichoderma harzianum growth with the highest number of spores occur if the molasses-based liquid medium supplemented with 1% Trichoderma harzianum.
Soil microbes have suggested to be used as agricultural input. Nitrogen fixing rhizobacteria Azotobacter is responsible to maintain nitrogen nutrition and plant growth whereas Trichoderma enable to reduce soil born plant diseases through antagonistic activity. The objective of this pot experiment was to determine the dosage and application time of carrier- based Azotobacter-Trichoderma inoculant which increase nitrogen availability in soil, as well as growth and yield of chili (Capsicum annuum L.). Chili transplants were grown in low fertility soil mixed with cow manure. Experiment was set up in split plot design which tested four inoculant dosage and three application time. The result showed that effect of biological agent on plant height at three and six weeks after transplanting was not significant. Inoculation of 7,5 g/pot carrier-based Azoto-Tricho at planting time followed by soil dressing with Azotobacter liquid inoculant at 10 day after planting significantly increased NO3 - in soil. Carrier-based Azoto-Tricho inoculant irrespective of dosage and application time increased plant yield. The highest yield, 290 g plant-1, was showed by plant treated by 7,5 g po1t Azoto-Tricho at planting time followed by Azotobacter liquid inoculation. This pot experiment showed that carrier-based Azotobacter-Trichoderma inoculant has potential to be used as biological agent in chili production.
The agricultural sector is the mainstay of the economy in Central Moluccas. However, most agricultural soils on the island have low soil fertility. One of the efforts that farmers can make to improve soil fertility is to apply organic matter, which is widely found in Central Moluccas. This study aimed at elucidating the effect of mixing high-quality organic material (Glicidia sepium pruning) with low-quality organic material (sago pulp waste) on the improvement of available nitrogen in an acid soil (Dystrudept) and growth of maize. Two experiments were carried out in a laboratory and a greenhouse. The compositions of the mixtures of sago pulp waste (A) and pruning of Gliricidia sepium (G) were A0 G100; A20G80; A40G60; A60G40; A80G20, and A100G0. Six treatments and one control (no application of residues) were arranged in a completely randomized design. The results showed that the application of the mixture of 20% and 80% of Gliricidia sepium pruning (A20G80) increased the cumulative amount of mineral N in the soil higher than that of the other organic material mixtures, which in turn improved maize growth.
Ultisol is a marginal type of soil that is acidic, which is mostly cultivated for agricultural areas. Nevertheless this type of soil has many obstacles, especially from the chemical and physical properties of the soil. Some of the chemical constraints faced in the use of Ultisol soil include: low soil pH (acidic soil reaction), nutrient content especially low P nutrients and high interchangeable Al concentrations. High interchangeable Al can bind P to form Al-P (Strengit) compounds so that the P concentration in the soil solution is reduced and consequently plants lack P, besides that high metal content can poison / cause toxicity to plants so that plant growth becomes unfavorable. One effort to increase P soil solution and reduce P stability is the application of P fertilizer, but it must be accompanied by organic matter. Giving organic material to acid soils can produce organic acids that are capable of chelating Al metal so that P will be released from soil solubility and available in soil solution. The research was conducted in the laboratory analysis of soil, water and plants, as well as greenhouse Faperta Unpatti Ambon, which lasted from March - November, 2011. This study used a complete randomized design with 2 factors factorial pattern consisting of the first factor is the maturity of Sago pith Waste compost and the second factor is the phosphate fertilizer (SP-36). Other research results indicate that administration of sago pith waste Compost can independently reduce Fe-P compounds. Granting SP-36 can independently reduce Fe-P compounds. Provision of compost ell sago together with SP-36 can increase the Ca-P compounds from 17.87 to 38.53 ppm, and Al-P compounds decrease from 35.00 to 16.67 ppm.
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