Incorporating passive radiative cooling structures into personal thermal management technologies could effectively defend human against the intensifying global climate change. We show that large scale woven metafabrics can provide high emissivity (94.5%) in the atmospheric window and reflectivity (92.4%) in the solar spectrum because the hierarchical-morphology design of the randomly dispersed scatterers throughout the metafabric. Through scalable industrial textile manufacturing routes, our metafabrics exhibit excellent mechanical strength, waterproofness, and breathability for commercial clothing while maintaining efficient radiative cooling ability. Practical application tests demonstrated the human body covered by our metafabric could be cooled down ~4.8°C lower than that covered by commercial cotton fabric. The cost-effectiveness and high-performance of our metafabrics present great advantages for intelligent garments, smart textiles, and passive radiative cooling applications.
Two-dimensional atomic crystals, such as two-dimensional oxides, have attracted much attention in energy storage because nearly all of the atoms can be exposed to the electrolyte and involved in redox reactions. However, current strategies are largely limited to intrinsically layered compounds. Here we report a general strategy that uses the surfaces of water-soluble salt crystals as growth templates and is applicable to not only layered compounds but also various transition metal oxides, such as hexagonal-MoO3, MoO2, MnO and hexagonal-WO3. The planar growth is hypothesized to occur via a match between the crystal lattices of the salt and the growing oxide. Restacked two-dimensional hexagonal-MoO3 exhibits high pseudocapacitive performances (for example, 300 F cm−3 in an Al2(SO4)3 electrolyte). The synthesis of various two-dimensional transition metal oxides and the demonstration of high capacitance are expected to enable fundamental studies of dimensionality effects on their properties and facilitate their use in energy storage and other applications.
Integrating a battery‐type electrode to build a hybrid supercapacitor is a promising approach to improve the overall energy density of a supercapacitor‐type energy storage device without sacrificing its power output. However, this strategy is usually achieved at the expense of cycling lifespan. In this work, a hybrid supercapacitor comprising Zn foil and porous carbon derived from chemical activated graphene (aMEGO) is developed, and the trade‐off between energy density and cycling life is well‐balanced by the utilization of 3 m Zn(CF3SO3)2 electrolyte with high Zn stripping/plating efficiency. Such a hybrid supercapacitor demonstrates an energy density of 106.3 Wh kg−1 and a power density of 31.4 kW kg−1, and significantly a wide operation voltage of 1.9 V is achieved in aqueous electrolyte. Benefitting from the high Zn stripping/plating efficiency, the Zn‐aMEGO hybrid‐supercapacitor also exhibits an ultralong cycling life up to 80 000 cycles with capacity retention of 93%, which is comparable to that of conventional electrochemical double‐layer capacitors.
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