Introduction
An age‐specific evaluation and management algorithm for reduced bone mineral density (
BMD
) is suggested for
HIV‐positive
patients without major risk factors. Whether combination of
BMD
and the Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (
FRAX
) may detect more individuals for therapeutic interventions remains unclear. We aimed to determine the prevalence of middle‐aged or older
HIV‐positive
males fitting the criteria of therapeutic interventions with different approaches.
Methods
From July 2016 to February 2018,
HIV‐positive
male patients aged ≥45 years receiving suppressive antiretroviral therapy were recruited in a cross‐sectional study, at two designated hospitals for
HIV
care in northern Taiwan. Patients with malignancy,
AIDS
, pre‐existing bone disease or immobilization were excluded. Information on clinical and demographic characteristics,
FRAX
questionnaire, activity questionnaire,
BMD
and serum 25(
OH
)D was obtained.
FRAX
scores combined with
BMD
(
FRAX
/
BMD
) and without
BMD
(
FRAX
) were calculated. The data were analysed on the basis of major risk factors for fragility fracture and age stratification,
FRAX
score and
BMD
results respectively.
Results
We enrolled 330 patients with a mean age of 51.6 years and
CD
4 610 cells/μL, in whom 98.1% (n = 324) underwent
BMD
assessment of one site or more. By
FRAX
, 6.7% (n = 22) reached treatment thresholds (10‐year risk of major osteoporotic fracture ≥20% and/or hip fracture ≥3%). The prevalence of osteopenia (−2.5
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