The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been spreading rapidly in China and the Chinese government took a series of policies to control the epidemic. Studies found that severe COVID-19 is characterized by pneumonia, lymphopenia, exhausted lymphocytes and a cytokine storm. Studies have showen that SARS-CoV2 has significant genomic similarity to the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV), which was a pandemic in 2002. More importantly, some diligent measures were used to limit its spread according to the evidence of hospital spread. Therefore, the Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) has been established by the World Health Organization (WHO) with strategic objectives for public health to curtail its impact on global health and economy. The purpose of this paper is to review the transmission patterns of the three pneumonia: SARS-CoV2, SARS-CoV, and MERS-CoV. We compare the new characteristics of COVID-19 with those of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV.
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are the key components of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) with a length of 200 nucleotides. They are transcribed from the so-called "dark matter" of the genome. Increasing evidence have shown that lncRNAs play an important role in the pathophysiology of human diseases, particularly in the development and progression of tumors. Linc-ROR, as a new intergenic non-protein coding RNA, has been considered to be a pivotal regulatory factor that affects the occurrence and development of human tumors, including breast cancer (BC), colorectal cancer (CRC), pancreatic cancer (PC), hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and so on. Dysregulation of Linc-ROR has been closely related to advanced clinicopathological factors predicting a poor prognosis. Because linc-ROR can regulate cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion, it can thus be used as a potential biomarker for patients with tumors and has potential clinical significance as a therapeutic target. This article reviewed the role of linc-ROR in the development of tumors, its related molecular mechanisms, and clinical values.
Activation of quiescent hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) is the major event in liver fibrosis, along with enhancement of cell proliferation and overproduction of extracellular matrix.Recent findings suggest that senescence of activated HSCs might limit the development of liver fibrosis. The p53, a guardian of the genome is associated with liver fibrosis, has been shown to regulate HSCs senescence. In this study, we report that microRNA-145 (miR-145) and p53 were downregulated in vivo and in vitro, concomitant with the enhanced expression of zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 2 (ZEB2). In addition, overexpression of miR-145 and p53 led to upregulation of the number of senescence-associated βgalactosidase-positive HSCs and the expression of senescence markers p16 and p21, along with the reduced abundance of HSC activation markers α-smooth muscle actin and type I collagen in activated HSCs. Furthermore, silencing of ZEB2 promoted senescence of activated HSCs. Moreover, we also demonstrated that miR-145 specifically targeted the 3′-untranslated regions of ZEB2. In vitro promoter regulation studies show that ZEB2 could bind to the E-box of the p53 promoter as well as inhibit its promoter activity and thus suppress the expression of p53, which in turn repressed activated HSCs senescence.Taken together, our results describe a novel miR-145-ZEB2-p53 regulatory line might participate in the senescence of activated HSCs and might carry potential therapeutic targets for restraining liver fibrosis.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.