ABSTRACT. A 3 year-old female Japanese Black cattle was diagnosed as diabetes mellitus (DM). Hyperglycemia (295 mg/dl), increase of serum fructosamine (487 µmol/l), elevated glycosylated hemoglobin A1 (GHbA1; 10.9%), low concentration of serum insulin (< 1.0 µU/ ml), increased serum glucagon (399 pg/ml), and glucose intolerance (glucose disappearance rate; k=0.53) were noted. On the histopathologic findings in pancreas, insulitis with infiltration of mononuclear cells was found. This case suggests that serum fructosamine and GHbA1 are available parameters for understanding of pathophysiological conditions of bovine DM.-KEY WORDS: bovine diabetes mellitus, fructosamine, glycosylated hemoglobin.J. Vet. Med. Sci. 61(8): 965-966, 1999 of 0.4 g/kg of glucose. Blood glucose levels were measured at 0,5,10, 20, 30, 45, 60, 90, and 120 min after injection of glucose. As the glucose disapperance rate (k) and half time (T 1/2) were 0.53 and 130 min, respectively, indicating glucose intolerance (age matched clinically healthy control cattle
ABSTRACT. An acute open angle glaucoma of the right eye was diagnosed in an 8-year-old male Yorkshire terrier which was presented with anorexia, depression, and trembling. Abnormal findings of the right eye on admission included elevated intraocular pressure (IOP; 40 mmHg), the presence of fibrin and flare in the anterior chamber, and immature cataract. Morphological abnormalities of the iridocorneal angle were not detected, and an open angle was seen in the eye. Although an elevated IOP was observed at one year after admission, lowering IOP (≤ 24 mmHg) was maintained with medical therapy using dichlorphenamide (DCPA) and timolol maleate, DCPA alone, or no-treatment for 1973 days. This case suggests that lower IOP can be maintained with medical therapy alone for a long period in a patient with open angle glaucoma. KEY WORDS: canine, medical therapy, open angle glaucoma.J. Vet. Med. Sci. 63(12): 1323-1325, 2001 Glaucoma is defined as an elevation of intraocular pressure (IOP) that induces degeneration of the optic nerve and retina with subsequent blindness [5,8]. Appropriate treatments should be instituted after making a diagnosis based on the possible cause (etiology), gonioscopic findings of the iridocorneal angle, and stage of the disease [2,4,5]. Treatments to control IOP falls into two categories : medical therapies using osmotic diuretics, miotics, adrenergic agents, and/or carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, and surgical treatments including filtering procedures, cyclodialysis, cyclocryosurgery, and laser cyclophotocoaglation [1,4,5]. Medical treatments are initially attempted in animals with glaucoma, though with medication alone it is generally difficult to maintain acceptable IOP in the glaucomatous eye over a long period [5,8]. This report deals with a glaucomatous patient in which lower IOP was maintained with medical therapy alone for 1973 days.An 8-year-old, 2.0 kg male Yorkshire terrier was presented to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Agriculture, Miyazaki University for abrupt anorexia, depression, and trembling from the previous day. The case had the history of progressive retinal atrophy (PRA) and its related decreased vision, or being apt to bump into objects, bilateral uveitis, corneal injuries and/or ulcers associatedwith decreased vision, cystitis, skin neoplasia (intracutaneous cornifying epithelioma), and cryptorchidism. The neuro-ophthalmic evaluations revealed weak menace and direct or consensual pupillary light reflexes, and dilated pupils (4/6) were observed bilaterally in photopic condition at the time of making the diagnosis of PRA. Injection of the conjunctiva and sclera, and mydriasis (5/6) were found in the right eye on physical examination. Slit lamp examination revealed the presence of a small amount of fibrin and 1+ of flare in the anterior chamber of both eyes, pigmentations of the right anterior lens capsula, and bilateral mild lens opacity. IOP of the right and left eyes, which was measured with tono-pen XL (Bio Rad, CA, U.S.A.), was 40 mmHg and 19 mmHg, respectively...
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