Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) changed the epidemiology of various diseases. The present study retrospectively investigates the epidemiologic and clinical changes in pediatric intussusception for ages ≤ 7 years before (February 2019–January 2020) and after (February 2020–January 2021) the COVID-19 outbreak in a single pediatric emergency department of a university-affiliated tertiary hospital. The incidence of communicable diseases—defined as infectious diseases with the potential for human-to-human transmission via all methods, non-communicable diseases, and intussusception were decreased following the COVID-19 outbreak (15,932 to 3880 (24.4%), 12,994 to 8050 (62.0%), and 87 to 27 (31.0%), respectively). The incidence of intussusception correlated significantly with the change in incidence of communicable diseases (Poisson log-linear regression, odds ratio = 2.15, 95% CI = 1.08–4.26, and p = 0.029). Compared with the pre-pandemic period, patients of the pandemic period showed higher proportions of pathologic leading point (PLP) and hospitalization (14.8% vs. 2.3% and 18.5% vs. 4.6%, respectively), lower base excesses (−4.8 mmol/L vs. −3.6 mmol/L), and higher lactate concentrations (1.7 mmol/L vs. 1.5 mmol/L). The incidence of pediatric intussusception decreased after the COVID-19 pandemic. This reduced incidence may be related to the reduced incidence of communicable diseases. However, the proportions of more severe diseases and PLPs were higher after the COVID-19 pandemic.
BackgroundFebrile seizure (FS) is one of the most common neurological manifestations of coronavirus disease‐2019 (COVID‐19) in children. We compared the clinical characteristics of FS in patients with and without COVID‐19 during the pandemic period.MethodsThis retrospective single‐center study included patients aged 0–18 years who visited the pediatric emergency department (ED) with FS from January 1, 2022, to April 30, 2022.ResultsA total of 186 patients visited the pediatric ED with FS during the study period: 123 (66.1%) were positive for COVID‐19 and 63 (33.9%) were negative. Patients with COVID‐19 were predominantly male (70.7% vs. 50.8%, p = 0.007) and older (2.4 vs. 1.8 years, p = 0.005) than those without COVID‐19. A higher proportion of patients with COVID‐19 were of atypical age (age > 5 years or <6 months) than those without COVID‐19 (26.8% vs. 9.5%, p = 0.006). This was especially true for those aged >5 years (22% vs. 4.8%, p = 0.003). Patients with COVID‐19 had a higher probability of multiple episodes of convulsion within 24 h than those without COVID‐19 (10.6% vs. 1.6%, p = 0.037). Among patients with COVID‐19, males had a shorter fever‐to‐seizure duration than females (3 h vs. 6.5 h, p = 0.045).ConclusionsPatients with FS with COVID‐19 tend to be predominantly male and have older age of onset than those without COVID‐19. Because of the atypical age of onset and probability of multiple convulsion episodes, vigilance for FS is needed in patients with COVID‐19, especially males.
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