A novel Ni-catalysed deamidative fluorination of twist amides with electrophilic fluorinating reagents is reported, affording diverse acyl fluorides in good yields.
We describe here a novel fluoroarylation of gem-difluorostyrenes with AgF and (hetero)arenes through Pd(II)-catalysed C(aryl)-H activation cascade. 9-CF3-substituted fluorene could be readily obtained thrgough an intramolecular C-H activation/annulation. The challenging...
We report herein the palladium-catalysed mono-selective C–H arylation of [2.2]paracyclophane (PCP) with diverse aryl iodides in the absence of any pendant directing groups, providing a straightforward and modular access to...
We report herein a cationic iridium-catalysed thioether-directed alkyne-azide cycloaddition reaction. Diverse 2-alkynyl phenyl sulfides can undergo cycloaddition with different azides in a regioselective fashion. The reaction features high efficiency, short...
Due to its importance to the durability assessment of reinforced concrete structures
located in a marine or de-icing salt environment, it is essential to determine the chloride diffusivity
of concrete. This paper presents a numerical method for predicting the chloride diffusivity of
concrete with interfacial cracks. By modeling concrete as a three-phase composite material
composed of aggregate, interfacial transition zone and cement paste, a composite circle model with
an interfacial crack located on the aggregate surface is constructed. The finite element method is
used to solve the composite circle under a given boundary condition and the chloride diffusivity of
concrete is then determined numerically. After verifying the numerical method with experimental
results obtained from the literature, the effect of interfacial cracks on the chloride diffusivity of
concrete is evaluated in a quantitative manner. It is found that the chloride diffusivity of concrete
increases with the increase of the subtended angle of interfacial cracks. The paper concludes that the
numerical method presented in this paper can predict the chloride diffusivity of concrete with
reasonable accuracy.
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