Over the past two decades, the waste reduction problem has been a major issue in environmental protection. Both recycling and waste reduction policies have become increasingly important. As the complexity of decision-making has increased, it has become evident that more factors must be considered in the development and implementation of policies aimed at resource recycling and waste reduction. There are many studies focused on waste management excluding waste reduction. This study paid more attention to waste reduction. Social, economic, and management aspects of waste treatment policies were considered in this study. Further, a life-cycle assessment model was applied as an evaluation system for the environmental aspect. Results of both quantitative and qualitative analyses on the social, economic, and management aspects were integrated via the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method into the comprehensive decision-making support system of multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM). A case study evaluating the waste reduction policy in Taoyuan County is presented to demonstrate the feasibility of this model. In the case study, reinforcement of MSW sorting was shown to be the best practice. The model in this study can be applied to other cities faced with the waste reduction problems.
The heat value of food processing sludge is similar to that of bituminous coal, thus is suitable as biofuel; however, the problem of incinerated ash disposal after combustion should be address. This study evaluated the applicability of food processing sludge-derived fuel incinerated ash (FA) to pozzolanic material and soil improvement, and proposed reuse strategies. When applied to pozzolanic material, the addition of FA reduced the hydration heat of fresh incinerated ash cement paste (FACP) significantly (85.96~91.23%), and prolonged the initial setting times (87.88~134.85%) and final setting times (87.88~134.85%) of FACP significantly. When the FA addition was 10% and 20% respectively, the pozzolanic strength activity index (SAI) was greater than 75% until the hardened FACP was cured for 28 days and 90 days respectively. When applied in soil improvement, the final seed germination of Chinese cabbage and water spinach in the original soil (ash content 0%) and improved soil (ash content 20%) was 98% and 90% respectively. There was no significant effect on the growth rate of Chinese cabbage and water spinach.
Reuse Resource of Food Processing Sludge-Derived Fuel Incinerated Ash
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