Technology ecosystems 28 2 9 a b s t r a c t 30The past twenty years have been a time of many new technological developments, changing business 31 practices, and interesting innovations in the financial information system (IS) and technology landscape. 32 They have led to the increasing use of prior innovations that have supported e-commerce, and that are 33 now being brought into financial services to support different kinds of improvements to core business 34 processes. This research examines recent changes in the payment sector in financial services, specifically 35 related to mobile payments (m-payments) that enable new channels for consumer payments for goods 36 and services purchases, and other forms of economic exchange. We extend recent research on technology 37 ecosystems and paths of influence analysis for how industry-centered technology innovations arise and 38 evolve. We explore the extent to which they can be understood through the lens of several simple build-39 ing blocks, including technology components, technology-based services, and the technology-supported 40 infrastructures that provide foundations for the related digital businesses. Our extension of the prior 41 research focuses on two key elements: (1) modeling the impacts of competition and cooperation on dif-42 ferent forms of innovations in the aforementioned building blocks; and (2) representing the role that 43 regulatory forces play in driving or delaying innovation in the larger scope of our modeling approach. 44 To assess the efficacy of our approach, we use it to retrospectively analyze the past two decades of 45 innovations in the m-payments space. Our results identify the industry-specific patterns of innovation 46 that have occurred, suggest how they have been affected by competition, cooperation and regulation, 47 and point out some more universal patterns of technology innovations that offer insights into the devel-48 opment of e-commerce. 49
The quality of Wikipedia articles is debatable. On the one hand, existing research indicates that not only are people willing to contribute articles but the quality of these articles is close to that found in conventional encyclopedias. On the other hand, the public has never stopped criticizing the quality of Wikipedia articles, and critics never have trouble finding low-quality Wikipedia articles. Why do Wikipedia articles vary widely in quality? We investigate the relationship between collaboration and Wikipedia article quality. We show that the quality of Wikipedia articles is not only dependent on the different types of contributors but also on how they collaborate. Based on an empirical study, we classify contributors based on their roles in editing individual Wikipedia articles. We identify various patterns of collaboration based on the provenance or, more specifically, who does what to Wikipedia articles. Our research helps identify collaboration patterns that are preferable or detrimental for article quality, thus providing insights for designing tools and mechanisms to improve the quality of Wikipedia articles.
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