BackgroundDepression is a serious mental disorder often accompanied by emotional and physiological disorders. Visceral fat index (VAI) is the current standard method in the evaluation of visceral fat deposition. In this study, we explored the association between VAI and depression in the American population using NHANES data.MethodsA total of 2,577 patients were enrolled for this study. Data were collected through structured questionnaires. Subgroup analysis for the relationship between VAI and depression was evaluated using multivariate regression analysis after adjustment for potential confounding factors.ResultsFor every 1 unit increase in VAI, the clinical depression increased by 14% (OR = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.04–1.25). High VAI scores (T3) increased the highest risk of developing depression (OR = 2.32, 95% CI: 1.2–4.47). Subgroup analysis demonstrated a strong and stable association between VAI and the development of depression.ConclusionOur study showed that depressive symptoms are associated with a high ratio of visceral adiposity index after controlling confounding factors.
LETTERS TO THE EDITOR is necessary' it is helpful to have monitors in two places -the report ignores how the availability of central monitors alters the behaviour of caregivers, pulling them out of labouring rooms and reducing valuable face-to-face care. 6 We need more funding for maternity services. But simply investing in more medical interventions rather than midwives will not maximise the health of mothers and babies.
Background: The data on the association between the microbiota-dependent metabolite trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) during pregnancy and risk of preeclampsia (PE) is limited. Methods: We, therefore, conducted a prospective nested case control study during Sep 2017 to Dec 2018 to examine the association between plasma TMAO measured during pregnancy and the risk of PE. Total of 17 patients diagnosed with EOPE (early onset PE), 49 with LOPE (late onset PE) and 198 healthy controls were enrolled. Blood samples were collected at 15-23 gestational weeks and time at delivery. The Logistic regression model was used to assess the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for TMAO and risk of PE, EOPE, LOPE, mild PE, and severe PE. Results: We found that the mean TMAO levels of overall subjects in the second trimester (T2) and at the time of delivery (TD) were 90.39 µg/m3 (SD=45.91) and 175.01 µg/m3 (SD=160.97), respectively. No significant spearman correlation was found between the TMAO in those two periods (p> 0.05). T2 TMAO was not significantly associated with risk of PE or risk of any PE subtypes (p >0.05). However, TD TMAO was significant associated with risk of PE, EOPE and severe PE (adjusted OR and 95%CI were 1.24(1.09, 1.40), 1.62(1.29, 2.03), and 1.41(1.17, 1.70)) per 50µg/m3 increment, respectively). Conclusion: Our study found that plasma TMAO level would alter over the course of pregnancy. The major role of TMAO in PE development might be in the accelerating process not in the initiation.
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