Compared with air insufflation, CO2 insufflation during gastric ESD significantly reduced the volume of residual gas in the digestive tract but not the VAS score of abdominal pain and distension.

CE-CT may play a complementary role to colonoscopy in patients with suspected CDB, but is not recommended for all cases due to its low detection rate. Patients who can be examined within 2 h of last hematochezia would be candidates for urgent CT.

AAS can be useful for diagnosing the extension of BCUS.

Many cases with CD had endoscopic activity immediately after "curative" surgery. These residual lesions, especially in the distal small intestine, were associated with postoperative clinical recurrence.

Anti-TNF agents have the potential to prevent postoperative recurrence. The new introduction, dose escalation, or switching of anti-TNF agents is recommended in patients with some risk factors.