4195wileyonlinelibrary.com infused surface requires a fl uid/fl uid interface between the lubricant and the immiscible liquid to be repelled. For a stable repellency, the interfacial energy of the lubricant layer on the surface has to be smaller than that of the liquid to be repelled. Furthermore, the microstructures are required to retain the lubricant through capillary force. Superomniphobic SLIPS can be obtained by the infusion of the microstructures with fl uorinated lubricants, which are immiscible with most liquids. Because the interfacial tension between the fl uorinated lubricant and the surface must be reduced to maintain this layer of lubricant stably, fl uorinated surfaces are also required. Additionally, microstructures on the surface must be on a micrometer scale to match the capillary length of the fl uorinated lubricant. Controlling and inducing the movement of liquid spatiotemporally on a surface has attracted interest from science and industry, because it paves the way for novel microfl uidic systems, [ 13,14 ] and liquid harvesting, transportation, and manipulation technologies. [15][16][17][18][19][20] It has been reported that by changing the repellency of a surface, the movement of liquids on the surface can be allowed or stopped. In conventional techniques, the movement of a liquid on a surface is mainly controlled by manipulating the interfacial energy between the surface and the liquid [ 21 ] through changing the chemical properties of a surface via chemical, [ 22 ] electrochemical, [ 23,24 ] or photochemical [ 25 ] methods. However, the surface structure is also an important factor that affects the wetting behavior of a liquid on a surface. The repellency toward liquids can be tuned by controlling the surface structure, and thus the movement of liquid on a surface can be programmed and controlled.The next generation of SLIPS is expected to have tunable, programmed repellency for an on-demand transportation and manipulation of liquid along their surfaces. Two strategies can be adapted to create a system for effective spatio-temporal ondemand transport of liquid. The fi rst strategy is to introduce a nonrepellent surface spatially in a mainly liquid-repellent surface. For example, in surface tension confi ned microfl uidics, [ 26 ] a nonrepellent pattern area in a repellent plane works as an anchoring point for the liquid and restricts its movement. The second strategy is to control the movement of the liquid temporally by changing the microstructure via an external stimulus. Therefore, a fabrication method for a microstructured surface In this work, on-demand control of liquids is realized by using elastic, patterned omniphobic surfaces. This paves the way for novel microfl uidics, as well as liquid harvesting, transportation, and manipulation technologies. Inspired by the lubricating properties of pitcher plants, microstructured 1,2-polybutadiene honeycomb and pincushion fi lms obtained by self-organization are fl uorinated by the ene-thiol reaction and infused with fl uorinated lubricant...

The adhesion of bubbles underwater remains the greatest cause of malfunctions in applications such as microfluidics, medical devices and heat exchangers. There is therefore an emerging need for ultra-bubble-repellent surfaces. Inspired by fish scales, which show high bubble repellency due to their hydrophilic nature and surface microstructures, we propose a novel method for preparing ultra-bubble-repellent surfaces by the hydrophilic treatment of self-organized microstructures. When in contact with air bubbles underwater, the artificial hydrophilic microstructured surfaces had a higher contact angle and a lower adhesion force than a flat surface. The mechanism leading to these properties is also investigated. Our method for the fabrication of ultra-bubble-repellent, hydrophilic, microstructured surfaces is simple and cost-effective, opening the way for its application in artificial devices, such as the inner surfaces of tubes, medical devices, and heat exchangers.

Highly ordered porous films whose pore size ranges from submicron to micron scale have always been an extensive area of research due to their broad range of application to photonic crystals, cell culturing scaffolds, filtration and separation membranes, just to name a few. However, the fragile nature of such a functional porous film has hindered its implementation to advanced uses. Inspired by the hierarchic structure in nature which offers both robustness and functionality, we created in a single fabrication step a mesh-reinforced hierarchic perforated honeycomb film with highly ordered micron pores using the breath figure method. By using the elastomer 1,2-polybutadiene as the material for the film in the combination of the mesh grid, the pore size of the obtained film can be tuned upon stretching. Tubular structures made from the mesh-reinforced hierarchic perforated porous honeycomb film with tunable pore size have been demonstrated.