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Ionic liquids (ILs) have been used as electrolytes for supercapacitors. Two phosphonium salts such as trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (IL1) and trihexyl(tetradecyl) phosphonium dicyanamide (IL2) have been selected for this target. To decrease the viscosity of ILs, a small amount of acetonitrile (from 5 to 25 wt %) was added. Supercapacitor based on activated carbon (AC) as electrodes and IL1 with 25 wt % of acetonitrile supplied capacitance values of 100F∕g at a high operating voltage of 3.4 V. Such a supercapacitor reached a high energy of ∼40Wh∕kg and a good cyclability.

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The synthesis of 3-alkoxymethyl-1-methylimidazolium, 3-alkoxymethyl-1-hexylimidazolium, and 3-alkoxymethyl-1-butoxymethylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate and hexafluorophosphate are reported. Fifty-eight salts were synthesized, and 38 of them are new ionic liquids. Trends in the properties of these liquid compounds are discussed. The prepared salts were examined according to their antielectrostatic effect; the surface resistance, half decay time, and maximum voltage induced on polyethylene film were measured. Thus, this work shows that ionic liquids have antielectrostatic properties and that their densities are linearly dependent on the length and kind of substituents in the 1 and 3 positions on the imidazole ring.