ABSTRACT. Based on field observations and pitfall sampling, we determined the species richness, relative abundance, and reproductive habitat of terrestrial frogs in three municipalities in the Triângulo Mineiro region, south Cerrado biome, in southeastern Brazil. We found thirty-two species of terrestrial frogs, belonging to the families Brachycephalidae, Bufonidae, Cycloramphidae, Dendrobatidae, Leiuperidae, Leptodactylidae and Microhylidae. Most of the species were found in open areas and reproduced in human-generated environments, such as artificial lakes (10 species) and ponds (14 species). Dominance was high, with Physalaemus cuvieri Fitzinger, 1826 (Leiuperidae) representing 48% of sampled frogs. A larger number of individuals was captured in the wet season, when most of the species were reproducing. Compared to other areas of Cerrado biome, the Triângulo Mineiro sites presented a larger number of species, which may be attributed to the larger sampled area and greater sampling effort, lower altitude and presence of human generated habitats. The richness of terrestrial frogs was also larger than that in some forested localities in southeastern Brazil, indicating that the number of species cannot be explained only by precipitation and type of vegetation cover. The greater abundance of individuals during the wet season may be related to a greater movement of adults to breeding sites and to juvenile recruitment/dispersion. The heterogeneity of environments in the Cerrado biome, including its several isolated highlands, contributes to its high (local and regional) diversity of frogs. KEYWORDS.Reproductive habitat, relative abundance, richness, Triângulo Mineiro, southeastern Brazil. RESUMO. Riqueza, abundância relativa e hábitat de reprodução de espécies de anuros terrestres na região do TriânguloMineiro, bioma Cerrado, sudeste do Brasil. Neste estudo foram determinados a riqueza, abundância relativa e hábitat de reprodução de anuros terrestres em três municípios do Triângulo Mineiro, sul do Bioma Cerrado, sudeste do Brasil, baseados em observações de campo e armadilhas de interceptação e queda. Foram encontradas 32 espécies pertencentes às famílias Brachycephalidae, Bufonidae, Cycloramphidae, Dendrobatidae, Leiuperidae, Leptodactylidae e Microhylidae. Muitas dessas espécies foram encontradas em áreas abertas e se reproduziram em ambientes artificiais gerados por ação antrópica, tais como lagos (10 espécies) e poças (14 espécies). Physalaemus cuvieri Fitzinger, 1826 (Leiuperidae) foi a espécie dominante, representando 48% do total amostrado. Um grande número de indivíduos de diferentes espécies foi capturado na estação chuvosa, quando muitas das espécies estavam reproduzindo. As áreas amostradas na região do Triângulo Mineiro apresentaram um maior número de espécies quando comparadas com outras áreas do bioma Cerrado, o que pode ser atribuído à maior área amostrada, ao maior esforço de coleta, baixa altitude e presença de hábitats gerados por ação antrópica. A riqueza de anuros terrestres também foi maior do qu...

ABSTRACT. Here we present data on the reproductive behavior of Leptodactylus mystacinus (Burmeister, 1861), including details on courtship behavior. We also describe and compared the courtship calls of L. mystacinus, L. furnarius Sazima & Bokermann, 1978 and Leptodactylus sp. (L. aff. andreae). Field works were conducted in Uberlândia (central Brazil). During courtship, a female approaches a calling male and is led to a previously excavated chamber; a female can approach a silent male that beat his hands and/or feet on the ground as well. The courtship call of L. mystacinus consists of one single arch-shaped note (duration = 0.04 s) repeated 258 times per minute; the courtship calls of L. furnarius (0.06 s, 84 times per minute) and Leptodactylus sp. (0.15 s, 5 times per minute) also are archshaped. The courtship behavior of L. mystacinus is similar to that of other species of the L. fuscus (Schneider, 1799) group; unique to it is that males can beat his hands and/or feet on the ground while courting. The male behavior of conducting the female to a previously excavates chamber and the arch-shaped courtship call may represent other shared derived features of members of the L. fuscus group, including the former Adenomera species.KEYWORDS. Brazilian savanna, foam nests, territoriality, vocalization, parental care. Brasil). Durante a corte, a fêmea aproxima-se de um macho que vocaliza e é levada para uma câmara previamente escavada; uma fêmea pode se aproximar de um macho silente que bate as mãos e/ou pés no solo repetidamente. O canto de corte de L. mystacinus consiste de uma única nota em forma de arco (duração = 0.04 s) repetida 258 vezes por minuto; os cantos de corte de L. furnarius (0.06 s, 84 vezes por minuto) e Leptodactylus sp. (0.15 s, 5 vezes por minuto) também são em forma de arco. O comportamento de corte de L. mystacinus é similar ao de outras espécies do grupo de L. fuscus (Schneider, 1799); sendo exclusivo daquela espécie o fato de que os machos podem bater suas mãos e/ou pés no solo enquanto cortejam. O comportamento do macho de conduzir a fêmea para uma câmara previamente escavada e o canto de corte em forma de arco podem representar outras características derivadas compartilhadas pelos membros do grupo de L. fuscus, incluindo as antigas espécies de Adenomera. RESUMO. Biologia reprodutiva de PALAVRAS-CHAVE.Cerrado, ninhos de espuma, territorialidade, vocalização, cuidado parental.As presently defined, the Leptodactylus (Fitzinger, 1826) species of the L. fuscus (Schneider, 1799) group build foam nests in excavated underground chambers (

We describe a new species of Phyllomedusa with reticulated pattern on the flanks from the State of Minas Gerais and provide data on its advertisement call, habitat, and tadpole. The new species differs from other species of the Phyllomedusa hypochondrialis group in color pattern, size, advertisement call, and breeding site. Phyllomedusa oreades topotypes and P. megacephala differ from the new species by lacking a reticulate pattern bordering the upper jaw and encircling the eyes. In P. ayeaye and P. itacolomi the hidden parts of legs present circular cells while in the new species this pattern is barred. The call of the new species has shorter notes than that of P. megacephala. The new species is smaller than P. centralis, P. megacephala, and P. itacolomi. From P. oreades topotypes, the new species differs also by presenting a broader reticulated stripe on flanks; a better defined reticulated pattern on throat, belly and ventral surfaces of hind limbs, and less projected nostrils. In life, the new species present dark blue reticulation on flanks, not black as in P. centralis, gray as in P. ayeaye or deep purple as in P. itacolomi. The new species is a pond breeder while P. centralis, P. megacephala and P. oreades are stream breeders. It can be distinguished from the remaining species of the P. hypochondrialis group by presenting a reticulate pattern bordering the upper jaw and eyes and orange cells with dark blue reticulations on flanks.

Species of the Leptodactylus fuscus group lay their eggs in foam nests in underground chambers the males excavate. However, little is known about the interactions between males and females while egg-laying. We recorded egg-laying behavior in Leptodactylus fuscus. Observations were possible because the chambers walls were partially damaged (small holes). Within the chamber, the male holds the female in an axillary amplexus. In a typical sequence of egg-releasing/foambeating, the male makes alternate movements of legs in a series of kicks. After a bout of foam-beating the male releases the female removing his arms from her axils. When freed by the male, the female turned a little for a new bout of beating, being seized in an axillary amplexus again. In the species of Leptodactylus of the fuscus group the lack of thumb asperities and spines may be related to their terrestrial egg-laying behavior and to the stability the couples have within the chamber.Key words: Leptodactylinae frogs, thumb asperities, Leptodactylus fuscus, amplexus, egg-laying behavior. ResumoAs espécies de Leptodactylus do grupo fuscus põem ovos em ninhos de espuma no interior de câmaras subterrâneas escavadas pelos machos. Entretanto, pouco é conhecido sobre a interação entre machos e fêmeas enquanto ovipondo. Observamos o comportamento de oviposição em Leptodactylus fuscus. As observações foram possíveis por que as paredes das câmaras estavam parcialmente danificadas. Dentro da câmara, o macho segura a fêmea em amplexo axilar. Numa típica seqüência de oviposição/batimento de espuma, o macho faz movimentos alternados com as pernas, em uma série de chutes. Depois de um turno de batimento de espuma, o macho solta a fêmea removendo seus braços das axilas dela. Quando solta pelo macho, a fêmea gira um pouco para um novo turno de batimento, sendo abraçada nas axilas novamente. Nas espécies de Leptodactylus do grupo fuscus, a ausência de asperosidades nupciais e espinhos no polegar pode estar relacionada ao comportamento de ovipor em ambiente terrestre e a estabilidade que o casal tem dentro da câmara. Palavras

The advertisement call of Chiasmocleis albopunctata is known from specimens from Bolivia, the tadpole is unknown. Here we present data on tadpole and the advertisement call of a Brazilian population of this species. Tadpoles and calls are from Uberlândia (Minas Gerais, Brazil). Tadpoles are 18.3-21.5 mm TL. Body length about 47% total length; tail triangular, flagellar-tipped. Oral apparatus with two symmetrical semicircular flaps pending over the mouth; flaps border wartyornamented. The tadpoles of C. albopunctata differ in color from that of C. shudikarensis. Different from C. ventrimaculata and C. carvalhoi, tadpoles of C. albopunctata do not possess a pair of parentheses-like mottles between eyes. Calls from the Brazilian population were consistently characterized by nine pulses per notes and two harmonic frequency bands, while calls from Bolivia have 5-8 pulses per note and no harmonics.