The objective of this research is to create a reference model to help an emerging country prepare a strategic and tactical plan for its export potential using information from digital media. Countries’ economic planning has to evolve using current knowledge of international business and global supply chains—areas that dominate commerce in the world today. Linking the foreign trade approach and the supply chain approach for the model development allows structured planning of the insertion of a country’s companies into global supply chains and the reorientation of export sectors towards more sustainable benefits. The research demonstrates the possibility of applying and adapting knowledge from supply chain models to develop a model of global supply chain management supported by computerized tools designed from the perspective of suppliers. The modeling and planning of the coffee export chain in Peru illustrates this potential. The paper proposes the integration of two knowledge areas, international trade and supply chain management, to form a new field of interest. Knowledge in both areas is solid, but its integration across the two fields is not. Although there are several studies on this topic, very little has been achieved in terms of the creation of a reference model and even less in terms of the development of computerized support for adequate strategic and tactical planning.
Companies distributing LPG in cities used to have two kinds of customers: gas stations that sell it to final users and commercial consumers that use the gas in their own operations. They have to manage the inventory of gas and the daily schedule of the vehicles that transport the gas to the customers. The objective is to meet customer demand, but they are producing low average vehicle loads and empty vehicle kilometers. The authors present a short-term horizon tactical planning system that includes forecasting of sales in gas stations, lower and upper limits of the daily requirement in each customer, and a binary goal programming that determines the life cycle of each vehicle. The slack of the limits allows meeting a service level in the demands, while working with full loads in the vehicles. The system includes a scheduler for the first day and for each chain. It uses a clustering of customers for each vehicle reducing the GPS time network and a shortest path algorithm to determine the routes to visit each customer. The largest fuel distributor of Peru has implemented the system.
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