Students' failure is one of the most debatable topics in tertiary education in Malaysia. Failure in certain courses might delay students' progress to graduate-on-time (GOT). This will result in increased cost, time and resources to both the university and student. From an academic perspective, a higher rate of failure will give a negative impression that the course is tough for students to pass. This study aims to investigate the factors contributing to students' failure based on the Social Cognitive Theory (SCT). The students of Bachelor of Corporate Administration (BCA) from the Faculty of Administrative Science and Policy Studies, UiTM were selected to participate in an online survey. SCT has identified three main factors that influence students' failure namely, behavioural, environmental and personal factors. Findings of the study showed that for behavioural factors: students' attendance, total hours spent to study, participation in the classroom, understanding level and students' effort to complete the course are among the reasons that lead to the failure. Additionally, the nature of syllabus, teaching techniques, students learning time and assessment methods are the environmental factors that may lead to failure. Finally, personal factors are represented by individual roles, dispositions and commitment to perform in a particular course. This study concludes that the use of SCT can explain student failures more systematically. The result of the study is able to help the university and lecturer to enhance the teaching and learning approach, revise the assessment method and redesign the programme curriculum. These efforts are deemed pivotal in reducing student failures while maintaining its quality.
In line with Malaysia Education Blueprint (Higher Education) 2015-2025, the implementation of Integrated Cumulative Grade Point Average (iCGPA) for Diploma in Public Administration (DPA) in the Faculty of Administrative Science and Policy Studies (FSPPP), Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) was started in July - October 2016 academic session. Hence, there is a need to evaluate the implementation of the iCGPA attainment. Therefore, this paper aims to examine the iCGPA achievement of the first cohort of the DPA students based on their examination and academic performance. Results from the first iCGPA cohort in DPA were analysed and compared to produce a report on the iCGPA evaluation. The findings had revealed that the DPA students were able to attain better GPA and CGPA and a lower percentage of failure rates. In addition, the findings had revealed that the faculty was able to meet its academic Key Performance Indicators (KPI). Indeed, throughout the iCGPA implementation, students were able to reach grade B and A+ for all the nine (9) learning outcomes proposed in iCGPA. To monitor the results, the faculty has developed the iCGPA Reporting Card (iRC) in 2017 which aims to assess the attainment of Program Learning Outcomes (PLOs) to monitor the continuous improvement efforts in teaching and learning and a friendly user reporting card in reporting the overall undergraduate academic programme achievement (iCGPA). It was suggested that iCGPA is to be continued at diploma levels with proper modifications and should be extended to all UiTM campuses which offer DPA programme. KEYWORDS: iCGPA, Programme Learning Outcomes
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