The kinetics of the reactions of propane, n-pentane, and n-heptane with OH radicals has been studied using a low-pressure flow tube reactor (P = 1 Torr) coupled with a quadrupole mass spectrometer. The rate constants of the title reactions were determined under pseudofirst-order conditions, monitoring the kinetics of OH radical consumption in excess of the alkanes. A newly developed high-temperature flow reactor was validated by the study of the OH + propane reaction, where the reaction rate constant, k 1 = 5.1 × 10 −17 T 1.85 exp(-160/T) cm 3 molecule −1 s −1 (uncertainty of 20%), measured in a wide temperature range, 230-898 K, was found to be in excellent agreement with previous studies and current recommendations. The experimental data for the rate constants of the reactions of OH with n-pentane and n-heptane can be represented as three parameter expressions (in cm 3 molecule −1 s −1 , uncertainty of 20%): k 2 = 5.8 × 10 −18 T 2.2 exp(260/T) at T= 248-900 K and k 3 = 2.7 × 10 −16 T 1.7 exp(138/T) at T= 248-896 K, respectively. A combination of the present data with those from previous studies leads to the following expressions: k 1 = 2.64 × 10 −17 T 1.93 exp(-114/T), k 2 = 9.0 × 10 −17 T 1.8 exp(120/T), and k 3 = 3.75 × 10 −16 T 1.65 exp(101/T) cm 3 molecule −1 s −1 , which can be recommended for k 1 , k 2 , and k 3 (with uncertainty of 20%) in the temperature ranges 190-1300,
The time needed for the osseointegration of titanium implants is deemed too long. Moreover, the bacterial colonization of their surfaces is a major cause of failure. Graphene can overcome these issues but its wet transfer onto substrates employs hazardous chemicals limiting the clinical applications. Alternatively, dry transfer technique has been developed, but the biological properties of this technique remain unexplored. Here, a dry transfer technique based on a hot-pressing method allowed to coat titanium substrates with high-quality graphene and coverage area >90% with a single transfer. The graphene-coated titanium is cytocompatible, did not induce cell membrane damage, induced human osteoblast maturation (gene and protein level), and increased the deposition of mineralized matrix compared to titanium alone. Moreover, graphene decreased the formation of biofilms from Streptococcus mutans, Enterococcus faecalis and even from whole saliva on titanium without killing the bacteria. These findings confirm that coating of titanium with graphene via a dry transfer technique is a promising strategy to improve osseointegration and prevent biofilm formation on implants and devices.
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