The Arctic has been home to Indigenous Peoples from time immemorial. Distinct Indigenous worldviews and complex knowledge systems have been passed on from generation to generation, evolving over time in a living process that continues to this day. Indigenous Peoples' knowledge systems hold methodologies and assessment processes that provide pathways for knowing and understanding the Arctic, which address all aspects of life, including the spiritual, cultural, and ecological, all in interlinked and supporting ways. For too long, Indigenous Peoples of the Arctic and their knowledges have not been equitably included in many research activities. We argue for systematic change in how research-related activities are conducted in the Arctic. Bringing together multiple knowledge systems, specifically Indigenous Peoples' knowledge systems and science, can lead to more equitable, inclusive, and useful outcomes. The co-production of knowledge framework that we forward is designed to assist researchers, decision makers, and communities in moving toward those goals. Given increased interest in the Arctic by the research community, the complex, rapid, and ongoing change in Arctic systems, and amidst renewed and urgent calls for equity globally and across all spheres of life, adoption of a co-production of knowledge framework for the conduct of Arctic research is timely as well as a moral and intellectual imperative. Further, solutions to challenges facing the Arctic and global community are enhanced by the combined understanding of Indigenous Peoples' knowledges and science.. Imukenirnek Negeq likacagaat [makuni igani "Arctic"] nutem tamakumiunek ciulialget nunaketuit. Ukanirpak nutem tamakumiunek ciulialget ukveruciteng ellameng-llu tungiinun elitelteng kinguvallrukait piinanermeggni man'a engelkarrluku cimirturluteng. Nutem Negeqlikacaarmiunek ciulialget elitellermegteggun nunameng tungiitnun nallunritlerkameggnun yuvrillerkameggnun-llu piyararluteng kangingnauryararluteng-llu, yuucimeggni tamalkuita cat yuita, piciryarameng, ellam-llu tungiinun atunem ilakluki. Ukanirpak nutem Negeqlikacaarmiunek ciulialget elitellrit tapeqluki ilangcinrilkurtessiyaagluki kangingnautuut. Negeqlikacaarni Kass'at kangingnauryaraita piciryarait cimiisqumaaput. Ayuqenrilnguut elitellritgun, arcaqerluki nutem Negeqlikacaarmiunek ciulialget Kass'at-llu kangingnauryarait tapeqluki, atunem pitallgutekluki kinkunun cangallrunrilngurnek, ilakuralrianek, atuunruarkaulrianek-llu kingungqerrarkauluteng. Yuullgutkenrilnguut Negeqlikacaarmiunek ciulialget Kass'at-llu elitellritgun atunem caliyaraq, makut igaqeput tamatum tungiinun ikayuutnguarkauluteng. Kangingnaurtet caungengatki Negeqlikacagaat, tamakumiuni-llu ayuqenrilngurteggun cukamek cimirturalriit, cali-llu ellam tamiini yuut tamalkuita pitalkelluki pisqenǵatki, ayuqenrilnguut elitellritgun atunem caliyaraq Negeqlikacaarni pinariluni, elluarluni, elitnaulrianun-llu nancunaunani. Cali-llu Negeqlikacagaat ellam-llu tamiini arenqiallugutaita kitugutkait, atunem nutem Negeqlikacaarmiunek ciulialget Ka...

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Salmon are intrinsic to health and well-being in Alaska, and sit at the center of myriad social, cultural, and spiritual practices, norms, and values. These practices and values are essential to living and being well in many communities in Alaska, but often remain invisible and unaccounted for in management contexts. This paper stems from the collective efforts of a cross-disciplinary, crosscultural project team brought together as part of the State of Alaska's Salmon and People (SASAP) knowledge synthesis project. In this paper, we assess the sustainability and equity of Alaska salmon systems through a well-being framework. Key objectives include (1) defining and conceptualizing well-being in the context of Alaska salmon systems; (2) developing and assessing well-being indicators for Alaska salmon systems; and (3) evaluating how well-being concepts are currently incorporated into Alaska salmon management and suggesting improvements. We draw on specific examples to evaluate the application of well-being indicators as a tool to more effectively measure and evaluate social considerations, and discuss how to better integrate well-being concepts into governance and management to improve data collection and decision making. As part of this effort, we discuss trends and inequities in Alaska fisheries and communities that impact well-being, and tensions between equality and equity in the context of Alaska salmon management.

Habitat conservation is a priority for many tribes, and indigenous local experts develop environmental policy goals based on their traditional knowledge of animal habitat use and habitat change. An indigenous evidence-base for ice seal and walrus habitat conservation in the Bering Strait region of Alaska was built by using qualitative methods to document the knowledge of 82 local expert seal and walrus hunters. Local experts produced detailed descriptions of seal and walrus habitat use and drivers of change in key habitat features, as well as policy goals based on indigenous evidence. These indigenous habitat policy goals are compared to U.S. government policies and differences are explored in terms of the indigenous evidence-base.

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