As part of an organizational review of safety, interviews and questionnaire surveys were performed on over 700 commercial goods drivers and their managers within a series of related companies operating across 17 countries. The results examine the reported incidence of fatigue-related problems in drivers and their associations with near miss and accident experience as well as work and organizational factors. Experience of fatigue problems while driving was linked to time of day and rotation of shifts, though most associations were small. There were significant associations found between fatigue experiences and driver and management systems of break taking and route scheduling. The quantitative combined with qualitative information suggested that, where feasible, more flexible approaches to managing the scheduling and sequencing of deliveries assisted drivers in managing their own fatigue problems through appropriate break-taking. The results are interpreted within the overarching principles of risk assessment and risk control.

Results are presented of a questionnaire survey of speed-related risk-taking performed on 572 British company car drivers. Reported risk-taking was examined in relation to risk and utility perceptions as well as perceived control and driver self-perceptions. The data revealed that over half the sample reported often exceeding the motorway speed limit by at least 10 mph (16 km/h). It was found that drivers who more frequently exceeded the speed limit on motorways were less likely to view speeding as an important risk factor and were much more likely to view being on time for appointments as desirable. They were also likely to view themselves as less aware, less sociable and more confident. The importance of the perceived utility of arriving at appointments on time, in relation to speeding over the legal limit, suggests that some organizational measures to reduce perceived time pressure within company vehicle drivers could be beneficial.

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Current research into male body image has identified several areas of body dissatisfaction among men, including perceptions associated with the penis. This is the first article to present a structured review, synthesis, and critical analysis of research into male perceptions of the penis, the psychosocial, and sexual correlates and to provide a comparison of outcomes between men who have sex with men (MSM) and heterosexual men. Analysis of twenty-six international studies suggests that men’s accounts of the penis indicate diverse ways of negotiating normative masculinity. Key findings include that most men perceive their penis to be of an average size but would still like a larger one; and differences exist between MSM and heterosexual men in ratings of penis size, emphasis placed upon penis size, and impact of penis size upon sexual behavior. This narrative synthesis has addressed a gap in knowledge concerning how accounts of the penis by men expressing different forms of sexual identification indicate diverse ways of negotiating masculinity.

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