One of the main problems facing agriculture is the loss of production as a result of the attack of agricultural pests. Alternative ways to work around this problem are being sought. There are substances called acylsugars that are naturally produced by the wild tomato species S. pennellii and affect arthropod pests. The objectives of this work were to synthesize two acylsugars and assess the biological effect of these on the arthropod pests Bemissia tabaci and Tetranycus urticae. The syntheses were performed via the reactions of glucose and sucrose (saccharose) with acetic anhydride using sodium acetate as the catalyst. The products of these reactions were sucrose octaacetate and glucose penta-acetate, the structures of which were confirmed by spectroscopic techniques. In a resistance test against the mite, a linear correlation between the concentration of the synthesized substances, and the dislocation of the mite was obtained. A delay in the hatching of the arthropod eggs was observed, causing a mortality rate of approximately 95% in the 1 st instar larvae of mites that was confirmed in adults. In the biological tests with Bemisia tabaci, there was a low rate of hatching and emergence, and the effect on the nymphs was the deformation of the emergent adults.Index terms: Solanum pennellii; Solanum habrochaites var. hirsutum; sugar esters; Bemisia tabaci; Tetranychus urticae. RESUMOUm dos grandes problemas que a agricultura enfrenta é a perda de produção causada pelo ataque de pragas agrícolas. Assim, buscamse maneiras alternativas de contornar esse problema. Dentre esses, encontram-se substâncias, denominadas de acilaçúcars, que são produzidas naturalmente por espécies selvagens do tomate S. pennellii e que apresentam efeito sobre artrópodes-praga. Os objetivos desse trabalho foram sintetizar dois compostos de acilaçúcares e avaliar o efeito biológico destas sobre os artrópodes-praga Bemissia tabaci e Tetranycus urticae. A síntese foi feita via as reações de glicose e sacarose com anidrido acético, utilizando acetato de sódio como catalisador. Os produtos dessas reações foram o octa-acetato de sacarose e o penta-acetato de glicose, cujas estruturas foram confirmadas por técnicas espectroscópicas. No teste de resistência do ácaro, foi possível obter um ajuste linear entre a concentração das substâncias sintetizadas e o deslocamento do ácaro. Ambas as substâncias obtidas apresentaram um atraso na eclosão dos ovos do artrópode, ocasionando uma mortalidade de aproximadamente 95% em ácaros de 1º ínstar que foram confirmadas em adultos. Nos testes biológicos com Bemisia tabaci, verificou-se uma baixa taxa de eclosão e emergência, sendo que o efeito sobre as ninfas foi a má formação para adultos emergidos.
In strawberry the environmental elements affect the characteristics of productivity and physico-chemical quality of the fruits, when evaluated in different environments. To mitigate the effects of genotype x environment interaction, it is necessary to predict adaptability and stability to identify cultivars with predictable performances between environments. In this context, the objective was to estimate the adaptability and stability of strawberry cultivars using the REML / BLUP procedure. The experiments were carried out in different environments in edaphoclimatic aspects, with 13 strawberry cultivars in a randomized block design, with four replications. As they are characteristics of quantitative origin, the number of commercial fruits (NFC) and mass of commercial fruits (MFC) presented low h2mg, the other characteristics presented values of moderate and high magnitudes for h2mg (0.50 to 0.95). There were changes in the cultivar ordering between environments, reflecting the genotypic correlation between environments, which varied between characteristics. The cultivars highlighted in the ordering through genotypic values were also highlighted by the MHPRVG method. The cultivars Albion, Camarosa and Camino Real were the best for most traits by the MHPRVG method, which reveals good adaptability and stability of these cultivars in relation to the evaluated environments. The mixed model methodology was efficient for selecting superior cultivars in the evaluated environments. Of the tested cultivars Albion, Camarosa and Camino Real were the ones that showed greater adaptability and stability by the MHPRVG method for the environments under study.
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