OBJETIVO: Analisar as fraturas tipo explosão da coluna torácica e lombar e fazer a correlação entre o segmento biomecânico sagital acometido e as alterações estruturais da vértebra fraturada. MÉTODOS: Estudo retrospectivo de 72 pacientes com fraturas tipo explosão da coluna torácica e lombar. O estreitamento do canal vertebral, o colapso vertebral e a cifose local foram avaliados em três segmentos distintos: torácico, transição toracolombar e lombar. RESULTADOS: Houve diferença estatística significativa (p < 0,05) dos valores do estreitamento do canal vertebral e cifose local nos diferentes segmentos da coluna vertebral avaliados. CONCLUSÃO: As fraturas tipo explosão da coluna torácica e lombar, embora apresentem características semelhantes, independentemente do local de ocorrência, sofrem influência direta do segmento biomecânico sagital no que diz respeito às alterações estruturais que ocorrem na vértebra fraturada.
Trabalho recebido para publicação: 09/11/09, aceito para publicação: 26/04/10. RESuMOObjetivo: Estudo retrospectivo comparando resultados da IA e da IP em pacientes operados com o diagnóstico de EIA (tipo 1 de Lenke). Métodos: Os resultados de 24 pacientes com idade de 11 a 18 anos com EIA tipo Lenke I e submetidos a tratamento cirúrgico por meio da abordagem anterior (12 pacientes) ou posterior (12 pacientes) foram comparados. Todos os pacientes foram operados pelo mesmo cirurgião e seguidos por um período mínimo de cinco anos. As variáveis de comparação incluíram: correção sagital e coronal, distância da vértebra apical a linha média, rotação da vértebra apical, número de vértebras instrumentadas e variáveis funcionais por meio do questionário SRS-22. Os dados obtidos foram analisados com a versão 9 do programa SAS. Os dois grupos foram comparados com o teste t de Student com um nível de significância de 5% (0,05). Resultados: A correção da curva no plano frontal no pós-operatório imediato (p = 0,031), tardio (p = 0,043) e também a rotação da vértebra apical no pós-operatório imediato (p = 0,002) e tardio (p = 0,021) no grupo de pacientes submetidos à correção por meio da abordagem anterior. O número de vértebras instrumentadas foi 7,69 ± 1,38 no grupo de pacientes submetidos a IA e 11,38 ± 2,92 na IP (p = 0,021). A avaliação funcional (SRS-22) não demonstrou diferença significativa (p > 0,05) entre os grupos. Conclusão: O grupo de pacientes submetidos à correção da escoliose por instrumentação anterior apresentou maior correção no plano frontal, maior derrotação da vértebra apical e menor número de vértebras artrodesadas. descritores -
Objective: To evaluate the correlation between structural changes in burst fractures of thoracic and lumbar spine with clinical outcome of the treatment. Methods: A retrospective study in 25 patients with fractures of thoracic and lumbar spine burst fractures without neurological deficit. Eleven patients underwent conservative treatment and for the remaining the treatment was surgical. All patients were followed up for at least 24 months. The cases were evaluated by a protocol that included: posttraumatic measurement of kyphosis, vertebral body collapse and narrowing of the spinal canal, the visual analog scale of pain, and the quality of life questionnaire SF-36 at the follow-up. For statistical analysis, the significance level was 5% and the software SPSS 18.0 was used. Results: No statistically significant difference was observed when comparing the clinical outcomes of one treatment over another. Similarly, there was no statistically significant correlation between kyphosis and post-traumatic narrowing of the spinal canal with clinical worsening in the follow-up, regardless of the treatment used. We found a positive correlation (p<0.05) between initial collapse and SF-36 domains in both groups (operated and non-operated). Conclusion: There was no significant superiority of one treatment over the other, and no correlation was found between kyphosis and spinal canal narrowing in burst fractures of the thoracic and lumbar spine without neurological deficit. However, there was correlation between initial collapse and clinical outcome in some domains of the SF-36 questionnaire.
Objetivo: Avaliar por meio de histomorfometria, a espessura da placa vertebral terminal, a espessura do disco intervertebral e a sua correlação nas diferentes faixas etárias, tentando identificar a sua correlação. Métodos: Foram avaliados os segmentos cervicais C4-C5 e C5-C6 de 50 cadáveres humanos , de ambos os sexos, divididos em 5 grupos com intervalo de faixa etária de 10 anos, a partir dos 21 anos de idade. A avaliação da espessura da PVT e do disco intervertebral foi realizada por meio de avaliação histomorfométrica dos cortes histológicos corados pela hematoxilina e eosina. A espessura da PVT inferior de C4, PVT superior de C5, PVT inferior de C5 e PVT superior de C6 foram comparadas entre si e também com a espessura do disco intervertebral interposto entre as respectivas PVT. Resultados: A espessura das placas vertebrais terminais adjacentes ao mesmo DI não apresentou diferença estatística. No entanto, a comparação da espessura das placas vertebrais superior e inferior da mesma vértebra cervical (C5), apresentou diferença estatística em todas as faixas etárias avaliadas. Foi observado coeficiente de correlação estatística, maior que 80%, entre a espessura da avaliacão da Placa verTebral Terminal na coluna cervical em diferenTes faixas eTárias e sua correlação com a esPessura do disco inTerverTebral EVALUATION OF TERMINAL VERTEBRAL PLATE ON CERVICAL SPINE AT DIFFERENT AGE GROUPS AND ITS CORRELATION WITH INTERVERTEBRAL DISC THICKNESS
Objective: To evaluate degenerative lumbar stenosis in symptomatic patients submitted to surgeryand the correlation between probable determining factors. Methods: A retrospective descriptive study in which themagnetic resonance images of 73 patients with degenerative stenosis,who underwent surgeries involving 141 levels performed by a single surgeon at the Hospital Ortopédico de Passo Fundo from 2015 to 2018, were evaluated. The patients were stratified by the degree of facet tropism, facet arthrosis, disc degeneration, and operated side, as well as by epidemiological data such as age, sex, etc. Tropism was measured using the Karacan method and evaluated numerically and categorically. Disc degeneration was classified by Pfirrmann and facet arthrosis by Weishaupt. To analyze and obtain the results, the Chi-square test and ANOVA were used with the SPSS statistical program, version 18.0. Results: Statistical significance was found in the relationship between facet tropism and disc degeneration (p=0.026) at the L4-L5 level. No correlation was found between tropism and facet arthrosis (p=0.161) or tropism and the operated side (p=0.573). Conclusion: The degree of tropism directly influences disc degeneration and greater asymmetries are related to more severe degenerations. Although tropism has not shown a statistically significant correlation with the operated side (p=0.573), it is believed that further studies should be carried out on this correlation. Level of evidence II; Retrospective study.
Objective: This was a retrospective study to compare the anterior instrumentation (AI) and posterior instrumentation (PI) results among patients diagnosed with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (Lenke type I) who were treated surgically. Methods: The results from 24 patients aged 11 to 18 years with Lenke type I idiopathic scoliosis who underwent surgery with AI (12 patients) or PI (12 patients) were compared. All the patients were operated by the same surgeon and were followed up for a minimum period of five years. The variables for comparison included: coronal and sagittal correction, distance from apical vertebra to midline, apical vertebral rotation, number of instrumented vertebrae and functional variables (by means of the SRS-22 questionnaire). The data obtained were analyzed using the SAS software, version 9. The two groups were compared using Student's t-test with a significance level of 5% (0.05). Results: The correction of the curve in the frontal plane was higher in the group of patients with the anterior approach, in the immediate (p=0.031) and late (p=0.043) postoperative periods, as was the apical vertebral rotation during the immediate (p=0.002) and late (p=0.019) evaluations. The number of instrumented vertebrae was 7.69 ± 1.38 in the AI group and 11.38 ± 2.92 in the PI group (p = 0.021). Functional assessment (SRS-22) did not show any significant difference (p > 0.05) between the groups. Conclusion: The patients who underwent scoliosis correction with AI presented greater correction in the frontal plane, greater derotation of apical vertebrae and a smaller number of fused vertebrae.
To evaluate, by means of histomorphometry, terminal vertebral plate thickness, intervertebral disc thickness and its correlation on different age groups, seeking to identify its correlation. Methods: C4-C5 and C5-C6 cervical segments removed from human cadavers of both genders were assessed and divided into five groups of 10-year age intervals, from 21 years old. TVP and intervertebral disc thickness evaluation was made by means of histomorphometry of histological slides stained with hematoxylin and eosyn. Lower C4 TVP, upper C5 TVP, and upper C6 TVP de were compared between each other and to the interposed intervertebral disc thickness between relevant TVP. Results: The thickness of terminal vertebral plates adjacent to the same ID did not show statistic differences. However, the comparison of upper and lower vertebral plates thickness on the same cervical vertebra (C5), showed statistical difference on all age groups studied. We found a statistical correlation coefficient above 80% between terminal vertebral plate and adjacent intervertebral disc, with a proportional thickness reduction of both structures on the different cervical levels studied, and also on the different age groups assessed. Conclusion: Terminal vertebral plate shows a morphologic correlation with the intervertebral disc next to it, and does not show correlation with the terminal vertebral plate on the same vertebra.
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