Purpose Aiming to simplify the extraction of embodied carbon data using a building information modeling (BIM) software, the purpose of this paper is to present a framework that integrates BIM and life cycle assessment (LCA), which are useful to the architecture, engineer and construction (AEC) industry. As a further purpose, this study also tests four different wall systems. Design/methodology/approach The study applies design science research and it presents a framework that integrates BIM and LCA. For analysis and validation, a case study features four different wall systems costs based on the Brazilian context. In the proposed framework, SimaPro8 accomplishes the LCA, while ArchiCAD 19 the modeling. Findings The first analysis covers embodied carbon and the second covers the total cost of each m² of wall. The proposed framework performs well, and it is effective in the Brazilian context. Concerning the walls, the wood frame system is the most sustainable option within this analysis and the most financially feasible option in Brazil. Originality/value The present study contributes to embodied carbon data analysis, ensuring that the best choice of elements and components is being used in the building project. This BIM–LCA integrated solution is valuable not only to the AEC industry and to professionals, but also to future researchers. This analysis is of great value to new ventures, since the society shows a great concern about reducing GHGs emissions.
PurposeThis paper searches for integration methods proposed by different authors that assess the life cycle of a building using models of building information modeling (BIM) and it also compares and discusses them.Design/methodology/approachSystematic literature review (SLR) is selected as the main research method of the present paper, aiming to collect and critically analyze multiple research studies. This paper is not only limited to studies where the whole life cycle has been assessed but also includes other papers which only integrated BIM to analyze carbon footprint, embodied carbon dioxide (CO2) or energy consumption.FindingsTaking into account the countries that have published articles about the subject, it is possible to deduce that it has been studied in all of the continents, except Africa. In comparison with other continents, Asia and Europe have developed more studies. Furthermore, 76% of the 34 selected articles were published in journals and only 24% in conferences proceedings, and the number of papers that relates life cycle assessment (LCA) methods using BIM has grown from 2013 to 2015, proving that the current theme is relevant. Several aspects of this literature review show the need to develop automated processes for LCA of buildings during the project's development phase. There is already a tendency to compare LCA results for buildings applied to BIM models, contributing to decision-making related to alternate projects, selection of materials, suppliers and components from an environmental perspective.Originality/valueIn the current global scenario, it is the notorious negative impact on the environment over the years caused by the architecture, engineering and construction industry (AEC). The integration of BIM–LCA can reduce time and improve the application of environmental analysis. Moreover, the proper application of a LCA method to evaluate the environmental impacts of the project can be hindered due to lack of information in the database about the materials or due to failures in the interoperability between BIM software and the LCA tool.
ResumoOs processos de Planejamento e Controle de Obras (PCO) subsidiam o cumprimento do custo, prazo e qualidade esperado da obra. Estes apresentam influência direta sob a produtividade obtida no canteiro de obras, pois as informações falhas provenientes da documentação gerada são interpretadas como os principais fatores de causa-efeito associados à baixa produtividade, desperdícios de materiais e mão de obra, resultando em baixa qualidade do produto final. O uso da Modelagem da Informação da Construção na construção civil vem sendo proposto como uma solução tecnológica para tais problemas. Quando BIM é associado ao PCO é recorrente utilizar o termo BIM 4D ou modelagem 4D. Desta forma, este artigo busca esclarecer como desenvolver o uso do BIM 4D para PCO e quais os benefícios e dificuldades provenientes. A questão foi abordada por meio de uma Revisão Sistemática da Literatura. Identificou-se o sequenciamento de atividades para o desenvolvimento do PCO baseado em BIM e ferramental associado. As dificuldades principais encontradas foram associadas ao processo de implementação e ao processo trabalhoso e intenso da modelagem 3D requerida e da integração disciplinada com o cronograma da obra. Entretanto, o BIM 4D para o PCO mostra-se viável apontando benefícios no provimento de diretrizes de otimização do processo tradicional de PCO, trazendo soluções para grande parte dos problemas inerentes ao método convencional, além de contribuir para a redução de retrabalhos por meio da interoperabilidade, integração de sistemas de comunicação e simulação do processo construtivo.Palavras-chave: BIM 4D. Planejamento. Construção. Processo. AbstractThe Plan of Construction Operations (PCO) subsidizes the fulfillment of the cost, term and the expected quality of the work. These have a direct influence on the productivity obtained at the construction site, since information flaw from the generated documentation is interpreted as the main cause-and-effect factor associated with low productivity, waste of materials and workmanship, resulting in poor quality of the final product. The use of Building Information Modeling in civil construction has been proposed as a technological solution for such problems. When BIM is associated with PCO it is recurrent to use the term 4D BIM or 4D modeling. In this way, this article seeks to clarify how to develop the use of 4D BIM for PCO and what benefits and difficulties arise. The issue was addressed through a Systematic Literature Review. Activity sequencing was identified for the development of BIM-based PCO and associated tooling. The main difficulties encountered were associated with the implementation process and the laborious and intense process of 3D modeling required and the disciplined integration with the work schedule. However, 4D BIM for PCO is feasible, showing benefits in providing optimization guidelines for the traditional PCO process, providing solutions for most of the problems inherent in the conventional method, as well as contributing to the reduction of rework through interope...
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