Este estudo foi desenvolvido para identificar os principais agravos de saúde em crianças de zero a seis meses de vida e verificar a relação entre os agravos de saúde e as práticas alimentares mais frequentes. Foram analisadas informações de 36 crianças, identificadas primeiramente na faixa etária de zero a dois meses e acompanhadas até seis meses em uma Unidade de Cuidado de Enfermagem do Centro de Desenvolvimento Familiar (CEDEFAM) em 134 encontros, por meio de formulário estruturado. Houve predomínio de 24 (18%) crianças na faixa etária entre um e dois meses, sendo que 15 (11,2) dessas se encontravam em AME (aleitamento materno exclusivo). Quanto aos agravos relacionados aos lactentes em AME, houve 75 ocorrências (40,5%), sendo 33 (17,8%) problemas respiratórios, 38 (20,5%) problemas dermatológicos e 4 (2,2%) problemas gastrointestinais. Portanto, as crianças, principalmente as menores de seis meses de idade, fazem parte de um grupo mais vulnerável, e o leite materno pode reduzir a morbimortalidade infantil.
Objectives
This study aims at evaluating whether subjective donor deferral (SDD) has the potential for increasing blood transfusion safety.
Background
Appropriate donor selection via clinical and serologic screening is necessary to prevent transfusion‐transmissible infections (TTIs). One additional strategy adopted by some Brazilian blood transfusion centers (BTCs) is the rejection of a donation by the pre‐donation interviewer based on subjective factors.
Methods/Materials
We conducted a STROBE‐guided cross‐sectional study including 105 005 prospective donors who presented to our BTC between 1 January 2013, and 31 December 2015. Donors were evaluated for age, gender, education level, donation type and history, confidential unit exclusion, SDD, and results of serologic screening for TTIs.
Results
Even after controlling for potential confounding variables, subjectively deferred donors were more likely to have at least one reactive serology in the standard screening (OR: 2.80; 95% CI: 2.13‐3.69;
P
< .001). They also had a higher risk for testing positive for syphilis (OR: 4.47; 95% CI: 3.05‐6.55;
P
< .001), hepatitis B (OR: 5.69; 95% CI: 2.48‐13.08;
P
< .001), and HIV (OR: 6.14; 95% CI: 3.22‐11.69;
P
< .001).
Conclusions
Routine implementation of SDD in donor selection may be an effective additional measure to avoid TTIs, highlighting the importance of interviewer experience, perspicacity, and face‐to‐face contact with donors for blood safety assurance.
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