RESUMO -(A família Cactaceae na Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Taquari, RS, Brasil). O levantamento das espécies da família Cactaceae na Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Taquari, RS, Brasil foi realizado com o objetivo de conhecer a diversidade e a distribuição desta importante família botânica, uma vez que não existem dados sobre a mesma para a região. Foram encontradas 11 espécies distribuídas em cinco gêneros: Cereus hildmannianus K. Schumann, Lepismium cruciforme (Vellozo) Miquel, Lepismium warmingianum (K. Schumann) Barthlott, Lepismium houlletianum (Lemaire) Barthlott, Lepismium lumbricoides (Lemaire) Barthlott, Rhipsalis floccosa ssp. pulvinigera (G.A. Lindberg) Barthlott & N.P. Taylor, Rhipsalis teres (Vellozo) Steudel, Rhipsalis cereuscula Haworth, Parodia ottonis (Lehmann) N.P. Taylor, Parodia haselbergii (Haage ex. Ruempler) Brandt e Opuntia monacantha Haworth. Palavras-chave: Cactaceae, diversidade, Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Taquari, levantamento ABSTRACT -(Cactaceae family in Taquari river Hydrological Basin, RS, Brazil). The survey on the species of Cactaceae family in Rio Taquari Hydrological Basin, RS, Brazil was carried out in order to know the diversity and the distribution of species in the studied area, once there is no data on Cactaceae family in this region. Eleven species were found, distributed in five genera: Cereus hildmannianus K. Schumann, Lepismium cruciforme (Vellozo) Miquel, Lepismium warmingianum (K. Schumann) Barthlott, Lepismium houlletianum (Lemaire) Barthlott, Lepismium lumbricoides (Lemaire) Barthlott, Rhipsalis floccosa ssp. pulvinigera (G.A. Lindberg) Barthlott & N.P. Taylor, Rhipsalis teres (Vellozo) Steudel, Rhipsalis cereuscula Haworth, Parodia ottonis (Lehmann) N.P. Taylor, Parodia haselbergii (Haage ex. Ruempler) Brandt and Opuntia monacantha Haworth.
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