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Depression in patients with cardiovascular disease is independently associated with progression of heart disease, major adverse cardiac events, and mortality. A wide variety of depression treatment strategies have been studied in randomized controlled trials as the field works to identify optimal depression treatments in this population. A contemporary scoping review of the literature can help to consolidate and synthesize the growing and disparate literature on depression treatment trials in people with cardiovascular disease. We conducted a scoping review utilizing a systematic search of the literature via 4 databases (PubMed, PsycINFO, EMBASE, and Google Scholar) from database inception to March 2020. We identified 42 relevant randomized controlled trials of depression treatment interventions in patients with cardiac disease (n=9181 patients with coronary artery disease, n=1981 patients with heart failure). Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors appear to be safe in patients with cardiac disease and to have beneficial effects on depression (and some suggestion of cardiac benefit) in patients with coronary artery disease, with less evidence of their efficacy in heart failure. In contrast, psychotherapy appears to be effective for depression in coronary artery disease and heart failure, but with less evidence of cardiac benefit. Newer multimodal depression care management approaches that utilize flexible approaches to patients' care have been less studied but appear promising across cardiac patient groups. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors may be preferred in the treatment of patients with coronary artery disease, psychotherapy may be preferred in heart failure, and more flexible depression care management approaches have shown promise by potentially using both approaches based on patient needs.

Objective Although digital health tools (DHTs) are a promising alternative and effective strategy to deliver cancer care and support, their role in health promotion among cancer survivors remains relatively unexplored. We aimed to investigate the acceptability and impact of DHT for health promotion in cancer survivors. Methods Data was pooled from cycle three of the fifth edition of the Health Information National Trends Survey. Logistic regressions were conducted to evaluate differences between cancer survivors and the general population regarding ownership, usage, and perceived usefulness of DHT for health management. Regression models were used to identify sociodemographic predictors of DHT usage among cancer survivors. Results Overall, cancer survivors were as likely as the general population to own and use DHT (e.g., health apps, wearable devices) for their care and they were likely to find these tools beneficial in tracking their health and communicating with healthcare providers. Cancer survivors who had health applications installed on their mobile device were more likely to meet national recommendations for diet (fruit and vegetable consumption) and strength training than those without health apps. Age, income, and education level were significant sociodemographic predictors of DHT ownership and usage. Conclusion Cancer survivors own and use DHT at similarly high rates to the general population, highlighting the potential for utilizing DHT to expand access and continuity of care in the growing and vulnerable oncology population. With increasing use of DHT in healthcare, future research that targets digital access disparities in cancer survivors from low SES is essential.

Background: Physical activity among those with type 2 diabetes (T2D) is independently associated with superior medical outcomes, but existing behavioral interventions have not led to widespread increases in activity in this population. A remotely delivered intervention that targets well-being constructs associated with greater activity and assists in the creation of specific physical activity goals has the potential to improve activity and outcomes in T2D. Objective: To outline the rationale and methods of two studies designed to assess the impact and optimal duration of a combined positive psychology-motivational interviewing (PP-MI) intervention for inactive persons with T2D. Methods: We conducted trials studying 8-week (BEHOLD-8;) and 16week (BEHOLD-16;) phone-delivered interventions, compared to attention-matched control conditions. In a two-step randomization design, participants were allocated randomly first to study (BEHOLD-8 or BEHOLD-16), then to study condition within study. The primary aims in both trials were feasibility (rates of session completion) and acceptability (participant session ratings), with additional aims examining intervention effects on accelerometer-measured physical activity, psychological measures, and health-related metrics (e.g. vital signs). Main analyses, currently being conducted, will utilize mixed effects models between study conditions, and secondary analyses will utilize the same models to compare the 8-and 16week PP-MI interventions on feasibility and impact. Results: Enrollment and data collection have been completed for both trials (BEHOLD-8: N = 60; BEHOLD-16: N = 70), and data analysis is ongoing to assess feasibility and acceptability within study, as well as the relative feasibility and acceptability of the PP-MI interventions across the two studies. We will also explore impact on clinical outcomes between groups.