Este artículo intenta mostrar cómoDescartes redefinió la noción de pasión,en términos de una nueva filosofía de lanaturaleza, instaurada en la Modernidad.A partir de una nueva concepciónde la physis, Descartes logró reformularla concepción del cuerpo y concebirlocomo sustancia solamente material, distinguiéndolade la sustancia pensante,lo que se conoció como dualismo cartesiano.En consecuencia, propuso unaredefinición de las pasiones, ya que es enel contexto de la relación entre cuerpo yalma que se insertan.
Neste artigo, pretendemos analisar textos significativos do Corpus Hippocraticum que tratam da natureza humana, a fim de responder a uma pergunta colocada por alguns médicos hipocráticos: quem estaria mais apto a definir a natureza humana, médicos ou filósofos? Analisamos os escritos Da natureza do homem, Medicina antiga, Sobre a arte médica, Sobre as carnes, Sobre as enfermidades IV e Sobre a dieta, e compreendemos a importância da filosofia, para a maioria de seus autores, para responder a esta questão, na medida em que ela fornece fundamentos sobre a natureza em geral e especificamente sobre a natureza humana, aos moldes da filosofia pré-socrática. A cosmogonia dos pré-socráticos, e em especial a de Empédocles referida por muitos desses autores, busca encontrar os elementos primários da constituição do universo, necessária também para compreender a constituição física do homem, imprescindível para o médico. A resposta à pergunta não seria, portanto, excludente. Ela mostra como, para a medicina hipocrática, de modo geral, a natureza humana é concebida entre a medicina e a filosofia. ABSTRACT In this article, we intend to analyze significant texts from the Corpus Hippocraticum dealing with human nature, in order to answer a question posed by some Hippocratic physicians: who would be better able to define human nature, physicians or philosophers? We analyzed the writings On the nature of man, Ancient medicine, The art, On fleshes, On diseases IV and On regimen, and we understood the importance of philosophy, for most of its authors, to answer this question, insofar as it provides foundations about nature in general and specifically about human nature, along the lines of Presocratic philosoph. The cosmogony of the Presocratics, and especially that of Empedocles referred to by many of these authors, seeks to find the primary elements of the constitution of the universe, which is also necessary to understand the physical constitution of man, which is essential for the physician. The answer to the question would not, therefore, be exclusive. It shows how, for Hippocratic medicine, in general, human nature is conceived between medicine and philosophy.
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