Key words: STI-1 -Hop -HSP70 -stress response -Trypanosoma cruziThe stress-induced protein-1 (STI-1), also known as Hop (HSP70/HSP90-organising protein), is a co-chaperone that interacts with the heat-shock proteins HSP70 and HSP90 (Smith et al. 1993). This multi-chaperone complex is required for steroid receptor (SR) assembly (Chen et al. 1996, Dittmar et al. 1996, Chang et al. 1997 in which STI-1 acts as a mediator, potentially increasing the rate of SR maturation (Morishima et al. 2000). Furthermore, this chaperone complex is able to reconstitute hepadnavirus reverse transcriptase activity in vitro (Hu et al. 2002), suggesting that a purified assembly system could be used to mediate various biological processes requiring HSP90 function (Pratt & Toft 2003).STI-1 acts as an adaptor protein, mediating the interaction between HSP70 and HSP90 through its tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) domains. The N-terminal TPR domain (TPR1) specifically recognizes the C-terminus of HSP70, whereas the central TPR domain (TPR2A) binds the C-terminus of HSP90 (Chen & Smith 1998, Scheufler et al. 2000. The C-terminal domain of STI-1 seems to be involved in the interactions with both HSPs (Flom et al. 2007, Onuoha et al. 2008. STI-1 may also modulate HSP activities (Johnson et al. 1998, Richter et al. 2003, Odunuga et al. 2004). The STI-1 gene was first isolated and characterized in Saccharomyces cerevisiae during a genetic screen for proteins involved in the heat-shock response. The gene was named "stress-inducible" because, like other wellcharacterized HSP genes, it was induced by heat shock and by the arginine analogue canavanine. However, the nucleotide sequence of STI-1 displayed no similarity to the sequences of other HSP-encoding genes (Nicolet & Craig 1989). Like their counterpart in yeast, the mouse and Caenorhabditis elegans STI-1 homologues are induced by heat shock (Lässle et al. 1997, Song et al. 2009). Interestingly, a soybean homologue has been shown to be induced by either heat or cold stress (Zhang et al. 2003). In addition, the upregulation of STI-1 observed in human SV-40-transformed fibroblasts or mouse macrophages exposed to bacterial lipopolysaccharide demonstrates that stress conditions unrelated to temperature may also lead to the induction of STI-1 expression (Honoré et al. 1992, Heine et al. 1999. The murine STI-1 was identified as a cytoplasmic protein (Lässle et al. 1997). However, a small fraction of STI-1 was found bound to a cellular prion protein at the cell membrane, where it promotes neuroprotection against cell death (Zanata et al. 2002). Moreover, STI-1 accumulates in the nucleus of murine fibroblasts after treatment with leptomycin B, a nuclear export inhibitor . A human homologue has also been found in the Golgi apparatus and in small vesicles within fibroblasts (Honoré et al. 1992).A protozoan orthologue of STI-1 has been characterized in Leishmania major and shown to be upregulated when the parasites are exposed to heat stress conditions (Webb et al. 1997). This parasite, like other trypanoso-S...

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RESUMO:A levedura Candida spp., pertencente à microbiota normal, pode causar graves infecções, principalmente em pacientes no ambiente hospitalar. Os variados graus de patogenicidade e sensibilidade a antifúngicos apresentados pelas diversas espécies, combinados ao aumento da frequência de infecções por Candida spp. e às altas taxas de morbimortalidade, apontam a importância da identificação das espécies, assim como a realização de testes de suscetibilidade para o sucesso do tratamento de candidíases. Neste estudo foram identificadas espécies de Candida em isolados clínicos de pacientes atendidos em um hospital da região oeste de Santa Catarina, Brasil, utilizando o método CHROMagar Candida, bem como avaliados seus respectivos perfis de suscetibilidade a antifúngicos usados no âmbito hospitalar utilizando o método de disco-difusão em ágar. Das 43 amostras analisadas, a maior prevalência da candidíase foi encontrada em pacientes com idade entre 51 e 70 anos e do gênero masculino. A maioria do isolados foi obtida de amostras de urina (n=25) e da Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (n=22). As espécies mais frequentes foram C. albicans (n=24) e C. glabrata (n=13). A maioria dos isolados foi sensível à anfotericina B (86,05%) e a minoria (13,95%) sensível ao fluconazol. O setor de UTI, as amostras de urina e as culturas identificadas como C. albicans apresentaram vários isolados resistentes a todos os antifúngicos testados. O elevado número de isolados resistentes aos antifúngicos azólicos, provenientes principalmente de pacientes de UTI, indicam a importância do antifungigrama para a escolha do antifúngico e da dose mais adequados no tratamento de candidíases em pacientes críticos. PALAVRAS-CHAVE:Candidíase; Infecção Hospitalar; Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana. Candida spp. IN CLINICAL ISOLATES AND SUSCEPTIBILIT Y TO ANTIFUNGALS AGENTS IN HOSPITALS ABSTRACT:The yeast Candida spp. belongs to the normal microbiota and may cause severe infections, mainly in hospitalized patients. The various degrees of pathogenicity and sensitiveness to antifungal agents by the several species, plus increase in the frequency of infections by Candida spp. and high morbo-mortality rates, underscore the importance of identifying the species and undertaking susceptibility tests for the treatment of candidiasis. Candida species were identified by the CHROMagar Candida method, in clinical isolates from patients who attended a hospital in the western region of the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil. Susceptibility profiles to antifungal agents used in hospital were evaluated by the agar disc-diffusion method. The greatest prevalence of candidiasis in 43 samples occurred in male patients within the 51-70 age brackets. Most isolates were obtained

Objetivo: determinar a epidemiologia e as características clínicas do melanoma cutâneo (MC) na região Oeste do estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil. Métodos: este estudo transversal e descritivo avaliou o comportamento clínico e o perfil epidemiológico do MC em pacientes de 78 municípios do Oeste do Estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil, no período de 2002 a 2016, tratados no Sistema Único de Saúde. Para a análise dos dados foi utilizado o teste do Qui-quadrado. Para elaborar as curvas de sobrevida, foi considerado um período de 10 anos (teste Log Rank). Resultados: dados de 1.146 pacientes foram avaliados, e houve uma média de 20 casos/100.000 habitantes/ano. Encontravam-se nos estágios I e II 63,5% dos pacientes. A sobrevida global em 10 anos de acompanhamento foi de 89%(IC95% 87,7% - 91,5%). Pacientes do sexo feminino apresentaram maior sobrevida (94,5%; IC95% 92,7% - 96,4% vs. 82,6%; IC95% 78,9% - 86,3%; p < 0,001) e variáveis de melhor prognóstico. Conclusões: o Oeste do estado de Santa Catarina apresentou uma alta prevalência de MC. As características clínicas e epidemiológicas encontradas concordam com as descritas nas populações que residem em regiões geográficas equivalentes; mas diferem de outras regiões do Brasil. Essas diferenças, associadas à organização do sistema público de saúde de referência e contra-referência, podem explicar aos resultados de sobrevida encontrados.

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RESUMOOBJETIVO: Avaliar o controle glicêmico realizado por pacientes com diabetes mellitus atendidos na Associação de Diabéticos de São Lourenço do Oeste -SC. METODOLOGIA: Vinte e sete pacientes diabéticos de ambos os sexos foram avaliados em um estudo transversal. Os dados socioeconômicos, de estilo de vida, tratamento e características da doença foram obtidos por meio de questionário. A partir de pesquisa no banco de dados da Associação de Diabéticos foram levantados os valores de glicemia em jejum, pressão arterial, hemoglobina glicada e índice de massa corporal (IMC). RESULTADOS: Os participantes apresentaram média de idade de 70 anos, sendo a maioria casada, com ensino fundamental (completo ou incompleto) e renda de 1 a 2 salários mínimos ao mês. Embora todos tenham relatado fazer algum tipo de dieta alimentar e uso de medicamentos, e a maioria tenha declarado realizar atividade física uma a duas vezes na semana, o controle glicêmico não se apresentou adequado. Tanto entre homens quanto mulheres, observaram-se valores médios de glicemia, hemoglobina glicada, pressão arterial sistólica e IMC acima dos valores recomendados. Somente cerca de 20,0% dos participantes apresentou parâmetros antropométricos e de controle glicêmico adequados. CONCLUSÃO: Embora o estado de saúde autorreferido depois da participação no grupo de apoio seja considerado bom ou muito bom, fatores relacionados à idade elevada, assim como a baixa renda e escolaridade observada nos indivíduos avaliados, podem estar dificultando o controle glicêmico adequado. Isto provavelmente prejudica a prática de atividade física e o entendimento da terapêutica, apontando para a necessidade de intensificar o aconselhamento e monitoramento destes pacientes. PALAVRAS-CHAVE:Diabetes tipo 2. Controle Glicêmico. Grupo de apoio. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE:To evaluate glycemic control achieved by patients with diabetes mellitus attended in the Diabetics Association of Sao Lourenco do Oeste -SC. METHODS: Twenty-seven diabetic patients from both sexes were evaluated in a cross-sectional study. The socioeconomic data, lifestyle, treatment and disease characteristics were obtained by questionnaire. From Diabetic Association database were collected fasting glucose, blood pressure, glycated hemoglobin and body mass index (BMI) values. RESULTS: Participants mean age was 70 years, and most of them were married, with elementary school (complete or incomplete) and income 1-2 minimum wages per month. Although all patients reported to do some diet and use of medications, and the most reported to do physical activity one or two times a week, their glycemic control was not appropriated. Among both men and women was observed mean values of blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, systolic blood pressure and BMI above recommended values. Only about 20,0% of total participants had suitable anthropometric and glycemic control parameters. CONCLUSIONS: Although the self-reported health state after participating in the support group is considered good or very good, factors associated with older a...

Zusammenfassung Ziel Trotz wahrgenommener Potenziale, einer Abrechenbarkeit als Regelleistung gegenüber der gesetzlichen Krankenversicherung und verschiedener Fördermaßnahmen hat sich die Online-Videosprechstunde noch nicht als fester Bestandteil des ambulanten Versorgungsalltags etabliert. An längerfristigen quantitativen Untersuchungen zum Nutzungsgrad mangelt es bislang. Diese sind jedoch essenziell für ein besseres Verständnis der Diffusionsprozesse sowie der Auswirkungen von Fördermaßnahmen. Die vorliegende Arbeit stellt einen ersten Schritt in Richtung einer fortlaufenden Begleitforschung dar. Methodik Die Entwicklung des Nutzungsgrades der Videosprechstunde in der ambulant ärztlichen Versorgung wird auf Grundlage von Routineabrechnungsdaten einer großen gesetzlichen Krankenkasse von Beginn der Erstattungsfähigkeit im April 2017 bis Ende 2018 untersucht. Um einen Überblick über die Nutzergruppen zu erhalten, werden zudem relevante und in den Abrechnungsdaten abbildbare Arzt- und Patientencharakteristika (Facharztgruppe, Alter, Region) untersucht. Ergebnisse In den 21 Monaten des Beobachtungszeitraumes wurden insgesamt 320 Videosprechstunden abgerechnet, wobei die Nutzungszahlen in 2018 monatlich bereits doppelt so hoch waren, wie in 2017. Insgesamt nahmen 105 verschiedene Versicherte eine Videosprechstunde in Anspruch. Diese hatten ein Durchschnittsalter von 74,6 Jahren und kamen mit 59,8% vorwiegend aus städtischen Regionen. Unter den insgesamt 30 Ärzten, die Videosprechstunden durchgeführt haben, stellten die Allgemeinmediziner mit 36,7% die größte Facharztgruppe. Schlussfolgerung Die Untersuchung unterstreicht den geringen Stellenwert der Online-Videosprechstunde in der ambulanten ärztlichen Versorgung in den ersten 21 Monaten nach ihrer Einführung. Die Ergebnisse decken sich mit den bisherigen Erkenntnissen aus Kurzfristanalysen und demoskopischen Untersuchungen. Sie deuten darüber hinaus auf erste Nutzungstrends hin, die es im Rahmen einer kontinuierlichen Auseinandersetzung weiter zu untersuchen gilt. Eine entsprechende Begleitforschung sollte den Beobachtungszeitraum fortlaufend ausweiten und eine breitere, kassenübergreifende Datenbasis anstreben.

In this study were identified Candida species from vaginal secretion isolates, evaluated their in vitro antifungal susceptibilities, and correlated these features with antifungal agents prescribed for patients assisted in a primary care service. Species identification by Polymerase Chain Reaction showed that 36.5% of isolates were characterized as non-C. albicans species. In antifungal susceptibility tests most isolates were susceptible to ketoconazole, fluconazole, and itraconazole, although between 40% and 50% of isolates show resistance or dose-dependent susceptibility to miconazole and nystatin, respectively. Analysis of drugs prescribed to patients revealed that 34.2% of the isolates were considered resistant to agents used in treatment. Several Candida species can cause vulvovaginitis and exhibit different susceptibility profiles to antifungal drugs used in treatment. The identification of Candida species is relevant and useful to the epidemiological management of infections. The antifungal susceptibility test may also be useful for choosing most effective drug treatment for each patient.