Początki aktywności fizycznej w Kaliszu miały charakter utylitarny, np. szkolenie strzeleckie członków Bractwa Kurkowego (Koła Rycerskiego) służyło przygotowaniom do obrony miasta. W szkołach za taką aktywność można uznać zanotowany już w średniowieczu zwyczaj wycieczek za miasto. W kolejnych latach systematyczne zajęcia z szermierki, musztry, tańca, a nawet pływania, odnajdujemy w programach Korpusu Kadetów w Kaliszu. Natomiast za pierwsze wydarzenie sportowe w tym mieście należy uznać długodystansowy bieg Hieronima Pawłowskiego w 1834 r., a sześć lat później również kobiety ‒ Karoliny Panekert. Rozwój zorganizowanego ruchu sportowego w Kaliszu zainicjowali na przełomie XIX i XX w. wielbiciele rowerów i powołali Kaliskie Towarzystwo Cyklistów (1892), za nimi wodniacy ‒ Kaliskie Towarzystwo Wioślarskie (1894). Następnie powstało Towarzystwo Gimnastyczne „Sokół” (1906), Żydowski Klub Gimnastyczno- -Sportowy (1913) i Polskie Towarzystwo Krajoznawcze w Kaliszu (1908). The pioneers of physical activity in Kalisz The beginnings of physical activity in Kalisz were of utilitarian character, e.g. shooting training of the Brotherhood of the Rooster (Chivallry Club) served as a preparation to the defence of the town. Out of town trips had been regarded as such an activity since the Middle Ages. In subsequent years systematic fencing, drill, dance or swimming classes can be found in Kalisz Cadet Corp programmes. As the first sports event, however, there shall be regarded a long- distance race of Hieronim Pawłowski in 1834 and six years later the one of a woman Karolina Panekert. The development of formal sports movement in Kalisz was initiated at the turn of the 20th century by fans of cycling who established the Kalisz Society of Cycling (1892). Later on, the Kalisz Rowing Club (1894) established by water sports’ fans. Then, „Sokół” Gymnastic Club (1906 ), Jewish Gymnastic and Sports Club (1913) and Polish Sightseeing Society (1908) followed.
Artykuł poświęcony jest działalności sportowej policjantów kaliskich w latach 1920-1939. Zajęcia ruchowe zainicjowano w 1922 r. w sekcji sportowej Stowarzyszenia Kulturalno-Oświatowego w Kaliszu. Po 1930 r. sport kultywowano w Policyjnym Klubie Sportowym w Kaliszu, który zasięgiem objął teren powiatu kaliskiego. Rywalizacja sportowa najczęściej ograniczała się konkurowania z innymi PKS oraz klubami kaliskimi. Najwyższy poziom sportowy demonstrowali członkowie sekcji wioślarskiej i strzeleckiej. W Policyjnym Klubie Sportowym w Kaliszu uprawiano: boks, gry zespołowe, kolarstwo, lekką atletykę, pływanie oraz wielobój policyjny. Sport Movement in the State Police in Kalisz District in the Inter-War Period The article concentrates on sport activities of policemen in years 1920-1939 in Kalisz. They were initiated in 1922 in the sport section of Cultural and Education Association in Kalisz. After 1930 sport activities were followed by the Police Sport Club in Kalisz which encompassed the district of Kalisz. Sport competition was mainly limited to other police clubs and clubs in Kalisz. The best sport level was achieved by rowing and shooting sections. Boxing, team sport, cycling, athletics, swimming and police all-round event were practised in the Police Sport Club in Kalisz.
Wrestling became an interest in Poland only at the end of the 19th century. However, in the Olsztyn Province, among other reasons due to historical conditions, this was a much later development. The first propaganda fights took place only in 1950. Shortly afterwards, the national team of the Olsztyn voivodeship participated in the nationwide tournament ‘For the City Cup’. However, a professional section was only established seven years later. Then, Lt. Zenon Rydziński initiated the training process at RKS “Budowlani” Olsztyn. It resulted in subsequent numerous sports successes. In 1964, thanks to the efficiency of activists from the People’s Sports Teams, young people from the Giżycko province also wrestled. The most die-hard players then set up further sections in the cities they came from
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