The prevalence of mental health problems among children (ages 0 -21) in the United States remains unacceptably high and, post-COVID-19, is expected to increase dramatically. Decades of psychological knowledge about effective treatments should inform the delivery of better services. Dissemination and implementation (D&I) science has been heralded as a solution to the persistent problem of poor quality services and has, to some extent, improved our understanding of the contexts of delivery systems that implement effective practices. However, there are few studies demonstrating clear, population-level impacts of psychological interventions on children. Momentum is growing among communities, cities, states, and some federal agencies to build "health in all policies" to address broad familial, social, and economic factors known to affect children's healthy development and mental health. These health policy initiatives offer a rare opportunity to repurpose D&I science, shifting it from a primary focus on evidence-based practice implementation, to a focus on policy development and implementation to support child and family health and well-being. This shift is critical as states develop policy responses to address the health and mental health impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on already-vulnerable families. We provide a typology for building research on D&I and children's mental health policy. Public Significance StatementThe prevalence of mental health problems among children remains unacceptably high. Communities, cities, states, and some federal agencies are building "health in all policies" initiatives that address broad familial, social, and economic factors known to affect children's healthy development. These initiatives offer a rare opportunity to repurpose D&I science and shift it from a primary focus on evidence-based practice implementation, to a focus on policy dissemination and implementation.

The death of a loved one is one of life's greatest stressors. Most bereaved individuals experience a period of acute grief that diminishes in intensity as they adapt to the changes brought about by their loss. Over the past four decades a growing body of research has focused on a form of prolonged grief that is painful and impairing. There is a substantial and growing evidence base supports the validity and significance of a grief-related disorder, including the clinical value of being able to diagnose it and provide effective targeted treatment. ICD-11 will include a new diagnosis of Prolonged Grief Disorder (PGD). DSM-5 called this condition Persistent Complex Bereavement Disorder (PCBD) and included it in Section III, signaling agreement that a diagnosis is warranted while further research is needed to determine the optimal criteria. Given the remaining uncertainties, reading this literature can be confusing. There is inconsistency in naming the condition (including complicated grief as well as PGD and PCBD) and lack of uniformity in identifying it, with respect to the optimal threshold and timeframe for distinguishing it from normal grief. As an introductory commentary for this Depression and Anxiety special edition on this form of grief, the authors discuss the history, commonalities, and key areas of variability in

Background: Complicated grief (CG) is characterized by persistent, impairing grief after losing a loved one. Little is known about sleep disturbance in CG. Baseline prevalence of subjective sleep disturbance, impact of treatment on sleep, and impact of mid-treatment sleep on CG and quality of life outcomes were examined in adults with CG in secondary analyses of a clinical trial.Methods: Patients with CG (n=395, Mage=53.0; 78% female) were randomized to: CGT +placebo, CGT+citalopram (CIT), CIT, or placebo. Subjective sleep disturbance was assessed by a grief-anchored sleep item (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: PSQI-1) and a 4-item sleep subscale of the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (QIDS-4). Sleep disturbance was quantified as at least one QIDS-4 item with severity ≥2 or grief-related sleep disturbance ≥3 days a week for PSQI-1. Outcomes included the Inventory of Complicated Grief (ICG), Work and Social Adjustment Scale (WSAS), and Clinical Global Impressions Scale.Results: Baseline sleep disturbance prevalence was 91% on the QIDS-4 and 46% for the griefanchored PSQI-1. Baseline CG severity was significantly associated with sleep disturbance (QIDS-4: p=0.015; PSQI-1: p=0.001) after controlling for comorbid depression and PTSD. Sleep improved with treatment; those receiving CGT+CIT vs. CIT evidenced better endpoint sleep

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