VHRs continue to rise in incidence and cost. By reducing recurrence rate alone, a cost saving of US $32 million dollars for each 1% reduction in operations would result. Further research is necessary for improved understanding of ventral hernia etiology and treatment and is critical to cost effective healthcare.

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Very few articles provided definitive recommendations for care of the patient with a CPAM and none reported Level I or II evidence. Based on available information, CPAMs are usually resected early in life if at all. A prenatally diagnosed congenital lung lesion should be evaluated postnatally with CT, and prenatal counseling should be undertaken in patients at risk for hydrops.

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