Background:The COVID-19 pandemic health crisis has changed household and school routines leaving children and adolescents without important anchors in life. This, in turn, can influence their mental health, changing their behavioral and psychological conditions.
Aims:To systematically review the literature to answer the question: "What is the worldwide prevalence of mental health effects in children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic?".Methods: Embase, Epistemonikos database, LILACS, PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and World Health Organization Global literature on coronavirus disease were searched. Grey literature was searched on Google Scholar, Grey Literature Report, and Preprint server MedRxiv. Observational studies assessing the prevalence of mental health effects in children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic were included. Four authors independently collected the information and assessed the risk of bias of the included studies.Results: From a total of 11,925 identified studies, 2873 remained after the removal of the duplicated records. Nineteen studies remained after the final selection process.
Background/Aims
As the popularity of sports activities grows, so do the number of sport‐related injuries. Furthermore, sports that use equipment or vehicles that modify the speed of the player can present more serious injuries. The aim of this systematic review was to identify the overall prevalence of orofacial trauma in wheeled non‐motor sports athletes.
Methods
The search strategy was applied in eight electronic databases (Embase, LILACS, Livivo, PEDro, PubMed, Scopus, SportDiscus, and Web of Science). Additionally, a complementary search of the gray literature (Google Scholar, OpenGrey, and ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global), reference lists of included articles, and studies indicated by experts on the subject was done. The included articles were observational studies with sufficient data of orofacial trauma (type and anatomical site) in wheeled non‐motor sport athletes, regardless of the competition level. Risk of bias was assessed by using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for Studies Reporting Prevalence Data. The meta‐analysis was performed using R Statistics software, and the strength of cumulative evidence was assessed by The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation.
Results
From 4042 identified studies, after the removal of duplicates and phase one of selection (title and abstracts screening), 251 studies remained for phase two (full‐text screening). Five articles were finally included. One study was considered to have a low risk of bias and four had a moderate risk of bias. The cumulative prevalence of orofacial injuries in wheeled non‐motor sport athletes was 21.7% (CI: 8.7–34.7; I2:97.6%) and the prevalence of dental injuries in these sports was 7.5% (CI:4.3–10.7; I2:61.9%). The certainty in cumulative evidence was considered to be very low.
Conclusion
About 22% of the wheeled non‐motor sport athletes have suffered orofacial injuries. The most prevalent type of injury was classified as dental trauma.
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