This dissertation aimed at the scrutiny of the mental health social memory in the district of M'Boi Mirim, in the city of São Paulo. That district is acknowledged by wellknown social stigmas related to economic and social vulnerabilities, inequalities and needs, as well as to deficient infrastructure and violence. The main target of that scrutiny was to explore social memory as a way for the understanding of both health and mental health with which social memory could be matched. The path designed for the achievement of those goals began with a review of the concepts of health and mental health which was followed by the analysis of the challenges their practices brought about. Those review and analysis were followed by the construction of a frame of reference on social memory as a powerful source of empirical and analytical data for the understanding of the links between agents' roles and performances and the outcomes. The methodology designed for the accomplishment of those purposes and tasks combined data from the bibliographical review, from the observation of the communitarian health networks enterprising in the region and from data produced by one interview with a key local mental health agent. That interview was carried out through a semi structured schedule aimed at exploring the M'boi Mirim social memory. The results revealed that subjective aspects have impacted the social memory as have sustained the mental health practices. These practices are limited by the vulnerabilities and needs that undermine health rights and protection, but notwithstanding those limitations health protection in M'boi Mirim is in progress. Social memory is an instrument of transformation because reinforces the value of community mental health care. Our main conclusion was that the improvement of mental health in the territory is linked to the upgrading of the quality of life of that population.
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