The best‐yielding and most stable cultivars are identified by growing cultivars in different environments. The stability of grain‐quality traits has been less thoroughly investigated than the stability of grain yield. High‐oleic hybrids of sunflower have been available on the Argentinian seed market for several years. Research on the stability of these genotypes is scarce. The objectives of this work were (i) to compare, using three different methods, the stability and adaptability of high‐oleic hybrids for grain yield and oil and oleic acid contents, and (ii) to explore the advantages and disadvantages of each method in selecting stable or adapted genotypes with high grain yield and high quality. Stability and adaptability analyses were performed on results for grain yields and oil and oleic acid contents of 35 high‐oleic sunflower hybrids from 17 comparative yield trials conducted over 2 years in Argentina. Stability was estimated using two methods: Fisher's protected least significant difference (LSD) test, which compared hybrids with the best‐yielding hybrid in each environment, and the test of relative yield (RY), which uses standard deviation as the measure of stability. Adaptability was estimated using Piepho's method of ‘multiple comparisons with the best’. These three methods can be applied to unbalanced data. Piepho's method made little discrimination amongst the hybrids. The LSD and RY tests coincided in classifying the hybrids as stable and unstable in 85 % of cases for grain yield and 76 % for oil content. It is concluded that the most convenient method depends on characteristics of the experimental design and of variability of the evaluated trait. Results from the LSD test depend on the number of environments in which the cultivar is tested. The RY method is valuable for classifying some cultivars as high‐yielding and stable, avoiding the problem of high‐yielding environments biasing the general average. Use of both methods together could be effective for classifying hybrids when the number of environments is adequate.
Se realizó un experimento en una cámara de germinación con el objetivo de comparar la tolerancia a la salinidad de distintos materiales de festuca alta (Schedonorus arundinaceus) libres e infectados con el endófito Epichloë coenophiala durante la germinación. Se utilizó un diseño en bloques completos aleatorizados con tres repeticiones en el tiempo con arreglo factorial. Los factores experimentales fueron: 1) material genético de festuca alta, con cuatro niveles: población naturalizada libre (S-) e infectada (S+) con el endófito silvestre, y cv. Taita libre (T-) e infectado (T+) con el endófito seguro AR584, y 2) condición salina, con tres niveles: 0 (control), 40 y 80 mM NaCl. Se colocaron las semillas en rollos de papel embebidos en la solución salina correspondiente y se evaluaron variables asociadas a la germinación: energía germinativa (EG), poder germinativo (PG), longitud de coleoptilo (LC) y de radícula (LR), peso fresco (PF) y seco (PS) de plántulas. No se registró interacción entre los factores experimentales para ninguna de las variables (p>0,05). A medida que aumentó la salinidad, disminuyó el PG en todos los materiales evaluados, mientras que la EG y la LC únicamente disminuyeron en 40 y 80 mM NaCl, respectivamente. Los materiales de festuca alta presentaron valores similares de EG, LC, LR y PF. Sin embargo, S+ presentó el mayor PG, que no difirió del de S-. Las plántulas de T+ registraron el menor PS. Los resultados obtenidos indican que los materiales de festuca alta estudiados no diferirían en la tolerancia a la salinidad.
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