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Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate preoperative blood-ocular barrier disruption via laser flare photometry (LFP) in patients diagnosed with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD), and to analyse possible associations with symptom duration and anatomical parameters. Methods We retrospectively analysed consecutive patients presenting with RRD at a single centre between January 2016 and March 2020. LFP was performed in both eyes after pupillary dilatation prior to RRD surgery. Symptom duration, extent of retinal detachment, and lens status were assessed. For statistical analysis, we carried out the unequal variances t test and Welch’s analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results We included 373 eyes of 373 patients (mean age 63.96 years ± 10.29; female:male ratio 1:1.8). LFP values quantified in photon count per millisecond (pc/ms) increased with longer symptom duration when comparing patients with a symptom duration of 0–3 days (n = 158; 9.25 ± 6.21 pc/ms) and ≥ 4 days (n = 215; 11.97 ± 11.58 pc/ms; p = 0.004). LFP values also rose with the number of retinal quadrants affected by RRD (1 quadrant, 6.82 ± 4.08 pc/ms; 2 quadrants, 10.08 ± 7.28 pc/ms; 3 quadrants, 12.79 ± 7.9 pc/ms; 4 quadrants, 31.57 ± 21.27 pc/ms; p < 0.001), macula off status (macula on, 8.89 ± 6.75 pc/ms; macula off, 12.65 ± 11.66 pc/ms; p < 0.001), and pseudophakic lens status (pseudophakia, 12.86 ± 9.52 pc/ms; phakia: 9.31 ± 9.67 pc/ms; p < 0.001). Conclusion In RRD patients, blood-ocular barrier disruption quantified by LFP is associated with the duration of symptoms and the disease’s anatomical extent. These results warrant further investigation of the potential clinical use of LFP in RRD.