Abstract. Many floodplains are excluded from urban development because the floods cause considerable damage to people's lives and properties. This requires the development of new approaches to flood management and mitigation for support sustainable urban development. In present study as the measures for mitigation of flash floods, the regulation of river flow by the system of detention reservoirs for flood diversion with dams, which do not need any operation management, are analyzed concerning of Far East region of Russia. The main objective of this paper is to develop a method for analysis how the dam site selection meets the environmental criterion. The method to justify a selection of self-regulated flood dam parameters, primarily a height of a dam and its location on a water stream, providing minimization of impact on the environment have been developed. The result for Selemdzha river basin in Far East monsoon region of Russian Federation is analyzed. The result shows the robustness of the method.
Usage the method of Human Impact Assessment (HIA) for estimation of coastal local municipalities allows evaluating the natureecological state / environmental situation of coastal local municipality, given an opportunity to show the hierarchy of municipalities and determining the HIA, vulnerability and opportunity for their future development. In the paper, the indicator method of HIA for estimation of coastal local municipalities and their main assumptions are formulated. Due to the HIA analysis, the list of factors of estimation of the nature-ecological state / environmental situation of coastal local municipality was obtained. For each selected factor the method of indicator value calculation, as well as computation of value of the integrative indicator of the nature-ecological state for coastal local municipality (or HIA estimation value for coastal local municipalities) as average of indicators, is proposed. Application of the method is considered for coastal local municipalities of the Leningrad Oblast and St. Petersburg. Based on the indicators and integrative indicator values the recommendations to reduction of human impact for coastal local municipalities are made.
Ability of plants to degrade waste water pollutants was studied in model experiment. The following aquatic macrophytes were used: Eichhornia crassipes, Cyperus alternifolius, Elodea densa and a mix of plants. Industrial and municipal waste water diluted by tap water to content 10% and 20% were used as a growth media for plants. Concentration of TOC, TN, chlorides and sulfates was measured in water during 7 days of incubation. The best results were obtained for Eichhornia crassipes which was able to decrease TOC and TN in water in 3 days of incubation: for TOC (in mg/l) from 47 to 24 (20% industrial waste water) and from 25 to 10 (20% municipal waste water); for TN (in mg/l) from 5,6 to 1,2 (20% industrial waste water) and from 2,5 to 0,35 (20% municipal waste water). Other plants also demonstrated improvement of water quality but were less effective. Concentration of chlorides remained close to initial level. Concentration of sulfates in several cases increased due to oxidation of sulfides.
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