Following a disaster in the affected area secondary impacts also prevail besides primary ones. It is important to know these impacts because rescue operations should be based on them. The implementation of the activities with the aim of managing the consequences is commanded and controlled by the onsite commander in all cases. As a leader, he makes decisions based on assessment. This method is appropriate if it is built on the reconnaissance information and data of the affected zone. Depending on the features of disasters, the most frequent reconnaissance methods of the disaster area are the technical and medical reconnaissance. In this article, the authors review the purposes, functions and correlations of these scopes of tasks with the decisions of the onsite commander. On the other hand, they systematize the types of technical reconnaissance and the applicable reconnaissance methods and tools. Furthermore, they examine the main tasks, requirements and elements of medical reconnaissance.
The events of recent times have proven that disasters have become part of our lives. The greatest danger is caused by the damage to and the destruction of the built environment, which makes the population vulnerable. Nowadays, in order to provide effective actions against disasters, complex disaster management systems have evolved throughout Europe, and protection has become an all-society task. Military forces of a given country are also involved in this task. The question arises what kind of damages are caused to the built environment by disasters, how the elimination of damages is resolved and what role the reformed military forces may have in it. In this article, the author has set out to analyze the characteristics of incident sites created by disasters, identifying their impacts on the built environment, as well as the tasks or capabilities needed to perform these tasks. In the light of this, she investigates if military organizations, through their basic function, have all the capabilities that, without special improvements, can make them capable of effectively contributing to the provision of rescue tasks.
A lakosság felkészítése a veszélyhelyzetekre elengedhetetlen. E tevékenység sikeressége nagyban elősegítheti a biztonság megteremtését, illetve fenntartását: az emberéletek és az anyagi javak biztonságát, veszély esetén ezek megmentését, a beavatkozás hatékonyságának növelését, továbbá a keletkezett károk minimalizálását. A felkészítés több csatornán keresztül is megvalósulhat. Napjainkban egyre több olyan platform lát napvilágot, amelyek kommunikációs célokat szolgálnak, így azok kiválóan alkalmazhatóak a lakosság katasztrófavédelmi, árvízi felkészítése során is. A szerzők a tanulmányban célul tűzték ki, hogy ismertetik a lakosság felkészítésének aktuális szerepét, feladatait napjainkban. Cél továbbá lehetséges, új módszerek bemutatása, amelyek nagyban elősegíthetik a lakosság minél sikeresebb felkészítését egy esetleges árvízre.
The effectiveness of protection activities heavily depends on managerial work and the leadership skills of a commander. This is of great importance, because managerial failure here also can mean the loss of human lives and property. In the article, the authors examine what requirements and expectations can be formulated for the management of protection organisations. Based on the study of the management practices of specific disasters, the study determines the elements and process of the command activities performed in an incident site. The authors analyse what leadership skills and competencies a leader in a given organisation must possess to succeed in protection work.
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